在宇宙学模拟中检验超大质量黑洞的次网格模型
Examining subgrid models of supermassive black holes in cosmological simulation
摘要：
超大质量黑洞在星系和星系团演化中扮演着重要的角色，但目前只能通过亚网格技术对它们进行大尺度宇宙学模拟。然而，这些次网格模型还没有被系统地研究。利用一种新开发的快速并行球形高密度晕探测器，在FLASH中进行了一系列仅含暗物质的宇宙学模拟，研究了次网格模型选择对SMBH质量与暗物质晕质量和速度色散关系的影响.我们研究三个方面的SMBH次网格模型：初始黑洞种子质量的选择，合并两个黑洞的测试，和应用的频率的次网格模型。我们还研究了合并可以发挥的作用，在确定的关系，忽略SMBH驱动的吸积和反馈的复杂影响。我们发现亚格子模型的选择会显著影响黑洞合并速率、宇宙SMBH质量密度以及低红移与晕性质的关系。我们还发现，这是可能的，重现观测的低红移关系没有吸积和反馈，这取决于选择的次网格模型。
英文摘要：
While supermassive black holes (SMBHs) play an important role in galaxy and cluster evolution, at present they can only be included in large-scale cosmological simulation via subgrid techniques. However, these subgrid models have not been studied in a systematic fashion. Using a newly-developed fast, parallel spherical overdensity halo finder built into the simulation code FLASH, we perform a suite of dark matter-only cosmological simulations to study the effects of subgrid model choice on relations between SMBH mass and dark matter halo mass and velocity dispersion. We examine three aspects of SMBH subgrid models: the choice of initial black hole seed mass, the test for merging two black holes, and the frequency of applying the subgrid model. We also examine the role that merging can play in determining the relations, ignoring the complicating effects of SMBH-driven accretion and feedback. We find that the choice of subgrid model can dramatically affect the black hole merger rate, the cosmic SMBH mass density, and the low-redshift relations to halo properties. We also find that it is possible to reproduce observations of the low-redshift relations without accretion and feedback, depending on the choice of subgrid model.
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