引力潮汐力对真空极化的影响：如何解开光子
The Effect of Gravitational Tidal Forces on Vacuum Polarization: How to Undress a Photon
摘要：
研究了弯曲时空中引力潮汐力对光子传输的影响。结果表明，局域折射率Im n（u;w）的虚部既可以是正的，也可以是负的，对应于重整化光子场振幅的局域放大和衰减。这可以用潮汐力对裸光子场周围的虚e^+e^-云的影响来解释--正/负Im n（u;w）对应于裸光子的穿衣/脱衣增加。在低于阈值时，光子会衰变为e^+e^-对。作为一个例子，描述了在黑洞奇点附近的光子脱衣服。这些结果是一致的么正性和弯曲时空中的光学定理，这是在这里导出的本地形式和集成的光子轨迹。
英文摘要：
The effect of gravitational tidal forces on photon propagation in curved spacetime is investigated. It is found that the imaginary part of the local refractive index Im n(u;w) may be negative as well as positive, corresponding to a local amplification as well as attenuation of the amplitude of the renormalized photon field. This is interpreted in terms of the effect of tidal forces on the virtual e^+e^- cloud surrounding the bare photon field---a positive/negative Im n(u;w) corresponds to an increased dressing/undressing of the bare photon. Below threshold decays of the photon to e^+e^- pairs can occur. Photon undressing in the vicinity of a black hole singularity is described as an example. These results are shown to be consistent with unitarity and the optical theorem in curved spacetime, which is derived here both in a local form and integrated over the photon trajectory.
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