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arXiv 1005.3702astro-ph.HE
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PKS 2155-304的VHE gamma-ray发射:光谱和时间变异性

VHE gamma-ray emission of PKS 2155-304: spectral and temporal variability

HESS Collaboration, A. Abramowski, F. Acero, F. Aharonian, A. G. Akhperjanian, G. Anton, U. Barres de Almeida, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, Y. Becherini, B. Behera, W. Be… 展开作者

HESS Collaboration, A. Abramowski, F. Acero, F. Aharonian, A. G. Akhperjanian, G. Anton, U. Barres de Almeida, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, Y. Becherini, B. Behera, W. Benbow, K. Bernlohr, A. Bochow, C. Boisson, J. Bolmont, V. Borrel, J. Brucker, F. Brun, P. Brun, R. Buhler, T. Bulik, I. Busching, T. Boutelier, P. M. Chadwick, A. Charbonnier, R. C. G. Chaves, A. Cheesebrough, J. Conrad, L. -M. Chounet, A. C. Clapson, G. Coignet, L. Costamante, M. Dalton, M. K. Daniel, I. D. Davids, B. Degrange, C. Deil, H. J. Dickinson, A. Djannati-Atai, W. Domainko, L. O'C. Drury, F. Dubois, G. Dubus, J. Dyks, M. Dyrda, K. Egberts, P. Eger, P. Espigat, L. Fallon, C. Farnier, S. Fegan, F. Feinstein, M. V. Fernandes, A. Fiasson, A. Foerster, G. Fontaine, M. Fussling, S. Gabici, Y. A. Gallant, L. Gerard, D. Gerbig, B. Giebels, J. F. Glicenstein, B. Glueck, P. Goret, D. Goering, D. Hampf, M. Hauser, S. Heinz, G. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, J. A. Hinton, A. Hoffmann, W. Hofmann, P. Hofverberg, M. Holleran, S. Hoppe, D. Horns, A. Jacholkowska, O. C. de Jager, C. Jahn, I. Jung, K. Katarzynski, U. Katz, S. Kaufmann, M. Kerschhaggl, D. Khangulyan, B. Khelifi, D. Keogh, D. Klochkov, W. Kluzniak, T. Kneiske, Nu. Komin, K. Kosack, R. Kossakowski, G. Lamanna, J. -P. Lenain, T. Lohse, C. -C. Lu, V. Marandon, A. Marcowith, J. Masbou, D. Maurin, T. J. L. McComb, M. C. Medina, J. Mehault, R. Moderski, E. Moulin, M. Naumann-Godo, M. de Naurois, D. Nedbal, D. Nekrassov, N. Nguyen, B. Nicholas, J. Niemiec, S. J. Nolan, S. Ohm, J-F. Olive, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, B. Opitz, K. J. Orford, M. Ostrowski, M. Panter, M. Paz Arribas, G. Pedaletti, G. Pelletier, P. -O. Petrucci, S. Pita, G. Puehlhofer, M. Punch, A. Quirrenbach, B. C. Raubenheimer, M. Raue, S. M. Rayner, O. Reimer, M. Renaud, R. de los Reyes, F. Rieger, J. Ripken, L. Rob, S. Rosier-Lees, G. Rowell, B. Rudak, C. B. Rulten, J. Ruppel, F. Ryde, V. Sahakian, A. Santangelo, R. Schlickeiser, F. M. Schoeck, A. Schoenwald, U. Schwanke, S. Schwarzburg, S. Schwemmer, A. Shalchi, I. Sushch, M. Sikora, J. L. Skilton, H. Sol, L. Stawarz, R. Steenkamp, C. Stegmann, F. Stinzing, G. Superina, A. Szostek, P. H. Tam, J. -P. Tavernet, R. Terrier, O. Tibolla, M. Tluczykont, K. Valerius, C. van Eldik, G. Vasileiadis, C. Venter, L. Venter, J. P. Vialle, A. Viana, P. Vincent, M. Vivier, H. J. Voelk, F. Volpe, S. Vorobiov, S. J. Wagner, M. Ward, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, H. -S. Zechlin

摘要:

对耀变体发出的极高能量伽马射线的观测提供了有关耀变体最内部区域发生的加速机制的信息。对这些物体的可变性的研究可以更好地理解起作用的机制。利用H.E.S.S.研究著名的高频峰值BL Lac天体PKS 2155-304的VHE(>100 GeV)伽马射线的光谱和时间变化。成像大气切伦科夫望远镜在一个广泛的通量状态。对2005年至2007年收集的数据进行了分析。光谱的时间尺度从3年到4分钟不等。通过倍增时间尺度和结构函数研究了光变曲线的变化,并与红噪声过程模拟进行了比较。除2006年7月发生的一系列异常耀斑外,2005年至2007年的源处于低水平状态。该源的静态特征是在200 GeV以上的相关平均通量水平为4.32 +/-0.09 x 10^-11 cm^-2 s^-1,约为蟹状星云的15%,幂律光子指数为3.53 +/-0.06。在2006年7月的耀斑期间,观测到了约2 min的倍频时间尺度,并在两个数量级的通量范围内考察了谱指数的变化,得到了低通量和高通量下的不同行为,这是VHE γ射线耀变体中的一个新现象。由分数均方根表征的变异幅度。与能量密切相关,与E^(0.19 +/- 0.01)成正比。光变曲线均方根值与通量相关。这是一个乘法过程的特征,可以解释为傅立叶指数为2的红噪声。这个独特的数据集显示了PKS 2155-304的低水平伽马射线发射状态的证据,它可能与爆发有不同的起源。光变曲线对数正态行为的发现可能是一个指标。

英文摘要:

Observations of very high energy gamma-rays from blazars provide information about acceleration mechanisms occurring in their innermost regions. Studies of variability in these objects allow a better understanding of the mechanisms at play. To investigate the spectral and temporal variability of VHE (>100 GeV) gamma-rays of the well-known high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object PKS 2155-304 with the H.E.S.S. imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes over a wide range of flux states. Data collected from 2005 to 2007 are analyzed. Spectra are derived on time scales ranging from 3 years to 4 minutes. Light curve variability is studied through doubling timescales and structure functions, and is compared with red noise process simulations. The source is found to be in a low state from 2005 to 2007, except for a set of exceptional flares which occurred in July 2006. The quiescent state of the source is characterized by an associated mean flux level of 4.32 +/-0.09 x 10^-11 cm^-2 s^-1 above 200 GeV, or approximately 15% of the Crab Nebula, and a power law photon index of 3.53 +/-0.06. During the flares of July 2006, doubling timescales of ~2 min are found. The spectral index variation is examined over two orders of magnitude in flux, yielding different behaviour at low and high fluxes,which is a new phenomenon in VHE gamma-ray emitting blazars. The variability amplitude characterized by the fractional r.m.s. is strongly energy-dependent and is proportional to E^(0.19 +/- 0.01). The light curve r.m.s. correlates with the flux. This is the signature of a multiplicative process which can be accounted for as a red noise with a Fourier index of ~2. This unique data set shows evidence for a low level gamma-ray emission state from PKS 2155-304, which possibly has a different origin than the outbursts. The discovery of the light curve lognormal behaviour might be an indicator ..

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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