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arXiv 1005.1276cond-mat.quant-gasquant-ph
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自旋相关的非对称晶格中的多组分量子气体

Multi-Component Quantum Gases in Spin-Dependent Hexagonal Lattices

Parvis Soltan-Panahi, Julian Struck, Philipp Hauke, Andreas Bick, Wiebke Plenkers, Georg Meineke, Christoph Becker, Patrick Windpassinger, Maciej Lewenstein, Klaus Sengstock

摘要:

周期性是自然界系统最基本的结构特征之一。这些系统的性质强烈依赖于基本周期结构的对称性。例如,在固态材料中,静态和传输特性以及磁性和电子特性受到晶体对称性的重要影响。在这种情况下,六边形结构起着极其重要的作用,并导致了碳纳米管或石墨烯等新物理学。本文报道了在自旋相关的六角对称光晶格中首次实现超冷原子。我们展示了当两个自旋分量位于不同的晶格位置时,晶格和原子之间的相互作用的综合效应如何导致强制反铁磁Néel顺序。我们还表明,两个组件的共存-一个莫特绝缘和其他一个超流体-导致强制超固体的形成。我们的观测结果与Gutzwiller平均场论的理论预测是一致的。

英文摘要:

Periodicity is one of the most fundamental structural characteristics of systems occurring in nature. The properties of these systems depend strongly on the symmetry of the underlying periodic structure. In solid state materials - for example - the static and transport properties as well as the magnetic and electronic characteristics are crucially influenced by the crystal symmetry. In this context, hexagonal structures play an extremely important role and lead to novel physics like that of carbon nanotubes or graphene. Here we report on the first realization of ultracold atoms in a spin-dependent optical lattice with hexagonal symmetry. We show how combined effects of the lattice and interactions between atoms lead to a forced antiferromagnetic Néel order when two spin-components localize at different lattice sites. We also demonstrate that the coexistence of two components - one Mott-insulating and the other one superfluid - leads to the formation of a forced supersolid. Our observations are consistent with theoretical predictions using Gutzwiller mean-field theory.

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