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arXiv 1005.0416cs.RO
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基于增量采样的最优运动规划算法

Incremental Sampling-based Algorithms for Optimal Motion Planning

Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院)

Sertac Karaman, Emilio Frazzoli

摘要:

在过去的十年中,基于增量采样的运动规划算法,如快速探索随机树(RRT)已被证明在实践中工作良好,并拥有理论保证,如概率完整性。然而,没有理论上的界限,这些算法得到的解决方案的质量已经建立到目前为止。本文的第一个贡献是一个否定的结果:它被证明,在温和的技术条件下,在RRT的最佳路径的成本几乎肯定收敛到一个非最优值。其次,考虑了一种新的算法,称为快速探索随机图(RRG),它表明,在RRG的最佳路径的成本几乎必然收敛到最优。第三,一个树版本的RRG介绍,称为RRT $^*$算法,它保留了渐近最优的RRG,同时保持一个树结构像RRT。新算法的分析取决于基于采样的运动规划算法和随机几何图形理论之间的新联系。在计算复杂性方面,它示出的RRG和RRT $^*$算法所需的简单操作的数量是渐近的RRT所需的一个常数因子内。

英文摘要:

During the last decade, incremental sampling-based motion planning algorithms, such as the Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRTs) have been shown to work well in practice and to possess theoretical guarantees such as probabilistic completeness. However, no theoretical bounds on the quality of the solution obtained by these algorithms have been established so far. The first contribution of this paper is a negative result: it is proven that, under mild technical conditions, the cost of the best path in the RRT converges almost surely to a non-optimal value. Second, a new algorithm is considered, called the Rapidly-exploring Random Graph (RRG), and it is shown that the cost of the best path in the RRG converges to the optimum almost surely. Third, a tree version of RRG is introduced, called the RRT$^*$ algorithm, which preserves the asymptotic optimality of RRG while maintaining a tree structure like RRT. The analysis of the new algorithms hinges on novel connections between sampling-based motion planning algorithms and the theory of random geometric graphs. In terms of computational complexity, it is shown that the number of simple operations required by both the RRG and RRT$^*$ algorithms is asymptotically within a constant factor of that required by RRT.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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