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arXiv 1005.0384astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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遥远的球状星团E14是否处于冰冻状态?

Is the distant globular cluster Pal 14 in a deep-freeze?

Andreas H. W. Kuepper, Pavel Kroupa

摘要:

我们研究了银河系外银河系球状星团--银河系外银河由于这一低密度的恒星,双星的数量可能接近原始双星。人造星系团是由观测到的17颗14星的性质产生的,这些星系团内的速度色散是测量的,就像Jordi等人(2009)对17颗14星所做的那样。我们讨论了双星布居对这些测量结果的影响,发现Jordi等人(2009)发现的0.38 km/s的小速度色散意味着双星的分数小于0.1,即使从恒星密度1014我们预计双星的分数大于0.5。我们还讨论了质量偏析对速度弥散的影响作为这种差异的可能解释,但发现它会进一步增加速度弥散。因此,要么是双星14有着非常不寻常的恒星星族,它的诞生过程与我们在今天的恒星形成区看到的有很大不同,要么是双星族是规则的,我们必须修正观测到的0.38 km/s的双星。在这种情况下,1014的真实速度色散将比这个值小得多,并且该星系团必须被认为是“运动学上寒冷的”,从而可能对牛顿动力学提出挑战,但在相反的意义上MOND。

英文摘要:

We investigate the velocity dispersion of Pal 14, an outer Milky-Way globular cluster at Galactocentric distance of 71 kpc with a very low stellar density (central density 0.1-0.2 Msun/pc^3). Due to this low stellar density the binary population of Pal 14 is likely to be close to the primordial binary population. Artificial clusters are generated with the observed properties of Pal 14 and the velocity dispersion within these clusters is measured as Jordi et al. (2009) have done with 17 observed stars of Pal 14. We discuss the effect of the binary population on these measurements and find that the small velocity dispersion of 0.38 km/s which has been found by Jordi et al. (2009) would imply a binary fraction of less than 0.1, even though from the stellar density of Pal 14 we would expect a binary fraction of more than 0.5. We also discuss the effect of mass segregation on the velocity dispersion as possible explanation for this discrepancy, but find that it would increase the velocity dispersion further. Thus, either Pal 14 has a very unusual stellar population and its birth process was significantly different than we see in today's star forming regions, or the binary population is regular and we would have to correct the observed 0.38 km/s for binarity. In this case the true velocity dispersion of Pal 14 would be much smaller than this value and the cluster would have to be considered as "kinematically frigid", thereby possibly posing a challenge for Newtonian dynamics but in the opposite sense to MOND.

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