相互依赖的网络：降低耦合强度导致从一级到二级渗透转变的变化
Interdependent networks: Reducing the coupling strength leads to a change from a first to second order percolation transition
摘要：
我们研究了一个由两个相互依赖的网络A和B组成的系统，其中网络A中的一部分节点依赖于网络B中的节点，网络B中的一部分节点依赖于网络A中的节点。由于网络之间的耦合，当一个网络中的节点发生故障时，它们会导致另一个网络中的依赖节点也发生故障。这会在两个网络中引发一系列反复的故障。当节点的临界分数失败时，迭代过程导致完全分裂两个网络的渗滤相变。我们分析和数值计算表明，减少网络之间的耦合，导致从一阶渗流相变到二阶渗流过渡在临界点的变化。临界点附近的逾渗序参量的标度由临界指数β =1表征。
英文摘要：
We study a system composed from two interdependent networks A and B, where a fraction of the nodes in network A depends on the nodes of network B and a fraction of the nodes in network B depends on the nodes of network A. Due to the coupling between the networks when nodes in one network fail they cause dependent nodes in the other network to also fail. This invokes an iterative cascade of failures in both networks. When a critical fraction of nodes fail the iterative process results in a percolation phase transition that completely fragments both networks. We show both analytically and numerically that reducing the coupling between the networks leads to a change from a first order percolation phase transition to a second order percolation transition at a critical point. The scaling of the percolation order parameter near the critical point is characterized by the critical exponent beta=1.
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