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arXiv 1004.2897cond-mat.soft
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胶体硬棒在近晶相液晶中的集体扩散:粒子各向异性的影响

Collective Diffusion of Colloidal Hard Rods in Smectic Liquid Crystals: Effect of Particle Anisotropy

Alessandro Patti, Djamel El Masri, René van Roij, Marjolein Dijkstra

摘要:

利用计算机模拟研究了不同长径比的胶体硬棒近晶A型液晶的层间扩散。近晶相的层状排列产生跳跃型扩散,由于永久障碍和瞬态笼的存在。值得注意的是,我们检测到的层间棒沿cross-director合作移动组成的串状集群。此外,我们发现,在平衡近晶相的结构弛豫显示出有趣的相似之处,与平衡外的过冷液体,虽然有粒子动力学被困在瞬态,而不是永久的笼子。此外,在固定的包装分数,我们发现,势垒高度增加,增加颗粒的各向异性,因此动力学是更不均匀和非高斯的较长的棒,产生较低的扩散系数沿的cross-director和较小的集群的层间颗粒,移动不太合作。在固定的势垒高度,动力学变得更加非高斯和异质性的较长的杆,移动更多的集体引起更高的扩散系数沿cohesive导演。

英文摘要:

We study the layer-to-layer diffusion in smectic-A liquid crystals of colloidal hard rods with different length-to-diameter ratios using computer simulations. The layered arrangement of the smectic phase yields a hopping-type diffusion due to the presence of permanent barriers and transient cages. Remarkably, we detect stringlike clusters composed of inter-layer rods moving cooperatively along the nematic director. Furthermore, we find that the structural relaxation in equilibrium smectic phases shows interesting similarities with that of out-of-equilibrium supercooled liquids, although there the particles are kinetically trapped in transient rather than permanent cages. Additionally, at fixed packing fraction we find that the barrier height increases with increasing particle anisotropy, and hence the dynamics is more heterogeneous and non-Gaussian for longer rods, yielding a lower diffusion coefficient along the nematic director and smaller clusters of inter-layer particles that move less cooperatively. At fixed barrier height, the dynamics becomes more non-Gaussian and heterogeneous for longer rods that move more collectively giving rise to a higher diffusion coefficient along the nematic director.

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