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arXiv 1004.1933cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mechphysics.bio-ph
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活性物质的力学与统计

The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter

Sriram Ramaswamy

摘要:

活性粒子包含内部自由度,具有吸收和耗散能量的能力,并在此过程中执行系统运动。例子包括所有活的有机体和它们的能动成分,如分子马达。本文综述了应用非平衡态统计力学和流体力学原理,形成一个系统的理论的行为的集合的活性粒子-活性物质-只有最小的考虑微观细节的最新进展。一个统一的看法,许多种活性物质,不仅包括生活系统,但无生命的类似物。理论和实验并排讨论。

英文摘要:

Active particles contain internal degrees of freedom with the ability to take in and dissipate energy and, in the process, execute systematic movement. Examples include all living organisms and their motile constituents such as molecular motors. This article reviews recent progress in applying the principles of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and hydrodynamics to form a systematic theory of the behaviour of collections of active particles -- active matter -- with only minimal regard to microscopic details. A unified view of the many kinds of active matter is presented, encompassing not only living systems but inanimate analogues. Theory and experiment are discussed side by side.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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