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arXiv 1003.4889cond-mat.otherhep-ph
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自旋超流与磁振子BEC

Spin superfluidity and magnon BEC

Yu. M. Bunkov, G. E. Volovik

摘要:

自旋超流性--凝聚态物质的磁性子系统中的超流性--表现为自旋的自发相位相干旋进,这在1984年首次在3 He-B中发现。这种自旋超流--自旋超流--是其他系统中已知或讨论的超流的一种更有代表性的超流,例如超流4 He中的质量和原子的超流、超导体中的电荷的超流、粒子物理学标准模型中的超荷的超流、夸克物质中的超流重子流和手征电荷流。自旋超流性可以用自旋波-磁振子的玻色凝聚来描述。本文讨论了磁振子超流的不同相态,包括磁阱中的磁振子超流,以及磁振子超流的特征:(i)自旋超流,它在大于1cm的宏观距离上传输磁化,(ii)自旋流约瑟夫森效应,它表现出两个凝聚体之间的干涉,(iii)自旋流约瑟夫森效应,(iv)自旋流约瑟夫森效应,(v)自旋流约瑟夫森效应。(iii)自旋电流涡旋-一种拓扑缺陷,类似于超流体中的量子化涡旋、超导体中的Abrikosov涡旋和相对论理论中的宇宙弦;(iv)与U(1)对称性破缺有关的Goldstone模-自旋超流磁振子气体中的声子等。我们还涉及了自旋超流的一般主题,包括自旋霍尔和内禀量子自旋霍尔效应。

英文摘要:

The spin superfluidity -- superfluidity in the magnetic subsystem of a condensed matter - is manifested as the spontaneous phase-coherent precession of spins first discovered in 1984 in 3He-B. This superfluid current of spins - spin supercurrent - is one more representative of superfluid currents known or discussed in other systems, such as the superfluid current of mass and atoms in superfluid 4He; superfluid current of electric charge in superconductors; superfluid current of hypercharge in Standard Model of particle physics; superfluid baryonic current and current of chiral charge in quark matter; etc. Spin superfluidity can be described in terms of the Bose condensation of spin waves - magnons. We discuss different phases of magnon superfluidity, including those in magnetic trap; and signatures of magnons superfluidity: (i) spin supercurrent, which transports the magnetization on a macroscopic distance more than 1 cm long; (ii) spin current Josephson effect which shows interference between two condensates; (iii) spin current vortex - a topological defect which is an analog of a quantized vortex in superfluids, of an Abrikosov vortex in superconductors, and cosmic strings in relativistic theories; (iv) Goldstone modes related to the broken U(1) symmetry - phonons in the spin-superfluid magnon gas; etc. We also touch the topic of spin supercurrent in general including spin Hall and intrinsic quantum spin Hall effects.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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