Andrea Sorbi, Sebastiaan A. Terwijn
We prove that there is a factor of the Muchnik lattice that captures intuitionistic propositional logic. This complements a now classic result of Skvortsova for the Medvedev lattice.
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In this paper we study a model of intuitionistic higher-order logic which we call \emph{the Muchnik topos}. The Muchnik topos may be defined briefly as the category of sheaves of sets over the topological space consisting of the Turing degrees, where the Turing cones form a base for the topology. We note that our Muchnik topos interpretation of intuitionistic mathematics is an extension of the well known Kolmogorov/Muchnik interpretation of intuitionistic propositional calculus via Muchnik degrees, i.e., mass problems under weak reducibility. We introduce a new sheaf representation of the intu…
We give natural examples of factors of the Muchnik lattice which capture intuitionistic propositional logic (IPC), arising from the concepts of lowness, 1-genericity, hyperimmune-freeness and computable traceability. This provides a purely computational semantics for IPC.
Intuitionism and computing with partial information
本文研究了直觉主义命题演算在部分信息下的建模，通过构造分裂类枚举度来证明Dyment-Muchnik晶格的初始段能生成Brouwer代数，而完整的Dyment和Dyment-Muchnik晶格则包含弱排除中律。
Kolmogorov introduced an informal calculus of problems in an attempt to provide a classical semantics for intuitionistic logic. This was later formalised by Medvedev and Muchnik as what has come to be called the Medvedev and Muchnik lattices. However, they only formalised this for propositional logic, while Kolmogorov also discussed the universal quantifier. We extend the work of Medvedev to first-order logic using the notion of a first-order hyperdoctrine from categorical logic to a structure which we will call the Medvedev hyperdoctrine. We also study the intermediate logic that the Medvedev…
Intuitionistic logic, dual intuitionistic logic, and modality
本文通过余海廷代数与拓扑空间的关系研究对偶直觉主义逻辑的语义，并证明其与直觉主义逻辑通过Kripke语义共同关联于模态逻辑S4。
We investigate the logical structure of intuitionistic Kripke-Platek set theory IKP, and show that the first-order logic of IKP is intuitionistic first-order logic IQC.
Classical logic (the logic of non-constructive mathematics) is stronger than intuitionistic logic (the logic of constructive mathematics). Despite this, there are copies of classical logic in intuitionistic logic. All copies usually found in the literature are the same. This raises the question: is the copy unique? We answer negatively by presenting three different copies.
Following G. Mints(Kluwer 2000 and draft 2013), we present terminating and bicomplete proof searches in multi-succedent sequent calculi for intuitionistic propositional logic, fragments of intuitionistic predicate logic and full intuitionistic predicate logic in the spirit of Schuette's schema.
Sub-sub-intuitionistic logic
本文通过弱化蕴涵和移除分配律提出次次直觉主义逻辑，利用带选择函数的半格给出其语义，证明范畴对偶性并推导完备性，同时探讨了多种公理扩展。
In 1932, Gödel proved that there is no finite semantics for intuitionistic logic. We consider all fragments of intuitionistic logic and check in each case whether a finite semantics exists. We may fulfill a didactic goal, as little logic and algebra are presupposed.
We prove that the first-order logic of CZF is intuitionistic first-order logic. To do so, we introduce a new model of transfinite computation (Set Register Machines) and combine the resulting notion of realisability with Beth semantics. On the way, we also show that the propositional admissible rules of CZF are exactly those of intuitionistic propositional logic.
An intuitionistically complete system of basic intuitionistic conditional logic
本文提出基本直觉主义条件逻辑IntCK，证明其相对克里普克模型和一阶直觉主义逻辑翻译的完备性，并分析其与CK、IK及Weiss的ICK的关系，讨论候选系统的优劣。
In the style of Lindström's theorem for classical first-order logic, this article characterizes propositional bi-intuitionistic logic as the maximal (with respect to expressive power) abstract logic satisfying a certain form of compactness, the Tarski union property and preservation under bi-asimulations. Since bi-intuitionistic logic introduces new complexities in the intuitionistic setting by adding the analogue of a backwards looking modality, the present paper constitutes a non-trivial modification of previous work done by the authors for intuitionistic logic in: G. Badia and G. Olkhovikov…
We find a translation with particularly nice properties from intuitionistic propositional logic in countably many variables to intuitionistic propositional logic in two variables. In addition, the existence of a possibly-not-as-nice translation from any countable logic into intuitionistic propositional logic in two variables is shown. The nonexistence of a translation from classical logic into intuitionistic propositional logic which preserves ``and'' and ``or'' but not necessarily ``true'' is proven. These results about translations follow from additional results about embeddings into free He…
It is known that intuitionistic Kripke semantics can be generalized so that it can treat arbitrary propositional connectives characterized by truth functions. We extend this generalized Kripke semantics to first-order logic, and study how the choice of connectives changes the relation between intuitionistic predicate logic and the logic of constant domains in terms of validity of sequents. Our main result gives a simple necessary and sufficient condition for the set of valid sequents in intuitionistic predicate logic to coincide with the set of valid sequents in the logic of constant domains.
We extend the main result of (G. Badia and G. Olkhovikov. A Lindström theorem for intuitionistic propositional logic. Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 61 (1): 11--30 (2020)) to the first-order intuitionistic logic (with and without equality), showing that it is the maximal (with respect to expressive power) abstract logic satisfying a certain form of compactness, the Tarski union property and preservation under asimulations. A similar result is also shown for the intuitionistic logic of constant domains.
It is shown that propositional intuitionistic logic is the maximal (with respect to expressive power) abstract logic satisfying a certain topological property reminiscent of compactness, the Tarski union property and preservation under asimulations.
Drawing on the previous work on interpolation failure, we show that Beth's definability theorem does not hold for intuitionistic predicate logic of constant domains without identity.
We show that the intuitionistic propositional logic with a Galois connection (IntGC), introduced by the authors, has the finite model property.
We offer the proofs that complete our article introducing the propositional calculus called semi-intuitionistic logic with strong negation.
On algorithmic expressivity of finite-variable fragments of intuitionistic modal logics
本文证明了直觉主义模态逻辑FS和MIPC可多项式时间嵌入其正单变量片段，揭示了其算法表达力。
On the Various Translations between Classical, Intuitionistic and Linear Logic
本文以直觉主义线性逻辑的扩张为共同基础，提出统一方法设计和简化经典、直觉主义与线性逻辑之间的证明翻译，并由此重新得到文献中多数著名翻译。
It is known that the set of tautologies of second order intuitionistic propositional logic, $\mathrm{IPC} 2$, is undecidable. Here, we prove that the sets of formulas of $\mathrm{IPC} 2$ which are true in the algebra of open subsets of reals or rationals are decidable.
Quantified propositional intuitionistic logic is obtained from propositional intuitionistic logic by adding quantifiers \forall p, \exists p over propositions. In the context of Kripke semantics, a proposition is a subset of the worlds in a model structure which is upward closed. Kremer (1997) has shown that the quantified propositional intuitionistic logic Hπ+ based on the class of all partial orders is recursively isomorphic to full second-order logic. He raised the question of whether the logic resulting from restriction to trees is axiomatizable. It is shown that it is, in fact, decidable.…
We show that intuitionistic logic is deductively equivalent to Connexive Heyting Logic (CHL), hereby introduced as an example of a strong connexive logic with intuitive semantics. We use the reverse algebraisation paradigm: CHL is presented as the assertional logic of a point regular variety (whose structure theory is examined in detail) that turns out to be term equivalent to the variety of Heyting algebras. We provide Hilbert-style and Gentzen-style proof systems for CHL; moreover, we suggest a possible computational interpretation of its connexive conditional, and we revisit Kapsner's idea …
In their seminal paper Artemov and Protopopescu provide Hilbert formal systems, Brower-Heyting-Kolmogorov and Kripke semantics for the logics of intuitionistic belief and knowledge. Subsequently Krupski has proved that the logic of intuitionistic knowledge is PSPACE-complete and Su and Sano have provided calculi enjoying the subformula property. This paper continues the investigations around to sequent calculi for Intuitionistic Epistemic Logics by providing sequent calculi that have the subformula property and that are terminating in linear depth. Our calculi allow us to design a procedure th…
We introduce the logic $\sf ITL^e$, an intuitionistic temporal logic based on structures $(W,\preccurlyeq,S)$, where $\preccurlyeq$ is used to interpret intuitionistic implication and $S$ is a $\preccurlyeq$-monotone function used to interpret temporal modalities. Our main result is that the satisfiability and validity problems for $\sf ITL^e$ are decidable. We prove this by showing that the logic enjoys the strong finite model property. In contrast, we also consider a `persistent' version of the logic, $\sf ITL^p$, whose models are similar to Cartesian products. We prove that, unlike $\sf ITL…
Supervaluations, truth, and intuitionistic logic
本文提出了一种基于超估值方法的直觉逻辑固定点真理理论，并展示了其在Kripke结构上的应用及与经典逻辑的对比。
Polytopological Semantics for Intuitionistic Modal Logics
本文提出多拓扑语义用于构造、直觉及Goedel-Dummett的K4和S4变种，通过单一集合上的多种拓扑解释直觉和模态运算符，并证明这些逻辑在相应语义下是正确且强完备的。
Relative Unification in Intuitionistic Logic: Towards provability logic of HA
该研究将直觉主义逻辑的统一性与可容许性结果推广到 NNIL(par) 命题，用以刻画 HA 的可证性逻辑并证明其可判定性。
We show that intuitionistic propositional logic is \emph{Carnap categorical}: the only interpretation of the connectives consistent with the intuitionistic consequence relation is the standard interpretation. This holds relative to the most well-known semantics with respect to which intuitionistic logic is sound and complete; among them Kripke semantics, Beth semantics, Dragalin semantics, and topological semantics. It also holds for algebraic semantics, although categoricity in that case is different in kind from categoricity relative to possible worlds style semantics.
Projectivity meets Uniform Post-Interpolant: Classical and Intuitionistic Logic
本文研究经典与直觉主义命题逻辑中投射性与一致后插值的关系，证明经典逻辑中二者对所有公式等价，并给出直觉主义逻辑的Kripke语义刻画，进而证明某些直觉主义逻辑扩张的统一类型是有穷的。
We prove that the propositional logic of intuitionistic set theory IZF is intuitionistic propositional logic IPC. More generally, we show that IZF has the de Jongh property with respect to every intermediate logic that is complete with respect to a class of finite trees. The same results follow for CZF.
Bi-intuitionistic logics through the abstract algebraic logic lens
针对双直觉主义逻辑缺乏代数处理的问题，研究者用抽象代数逻辑等方法对wBIL和sBIL开展代数分析，相关结果已在Rocq中形式化。
Esakia's theorem for the amended monadic intuitionistic calculus
该研究证明修正的单子直觉逻辑M^+IPC的Esakia定理成立，揭示了其与修正的单子Grzegorczyk逻辑之间的关系。
This report first shows the equivalence bewteen several formulations of classical logic in intuitionistic logic (tertium non datur, reductio ad absurdum, Pierce's law). Then it establishes the correctness of the Gödel-Kolmogorov translation, whose restriction to the propositional case is due to Glivenko. This translation maps a formula $F$ of first order logic to a formula $F^{\lnot\lnot}$ in such a way that $F$ is provable in classical logic if and only if $F^{\lnot\lnot}$ is provable in intuitionistic logic. All formal proofs are presented in natural deduction. These questions are well-known…
This paper shows that the interpolation theorem fails in the intuitionistic logic of constant domains. This result refutes two previously published claims that the interpolation property holds.
Both propositional dependence logic and inquisitive logic are expressively complete. As a consequence, every formula with intuitionistic disjunction or intuitionistic implication can be translated equivalently into a formula in the language of propositional dependence logic without these two connectives. We show that although such a (non-compositional) translation exists, neither intuitionistic disjunction nor intuitionistic implication is uniformly definable in propositional dependence logic.
Definable Classes of Models and Frames in Bi-intuitionistic Logic
研究双直觉逻辑语言对框架和模型的表达能力，通过提供类似戈德布拉特 - 托马森定理的结果，结合先前成果，完整刻画了命题双直觉逻辑的表达能力。
Intuitionistic epistemic logic introduces an epistemic operator, which reflects the intended BHK semantics of intuitionism, to intuitionistic logic. The fundamental assumption concerning intuitionistic knowledge and belief is that it is the product of verification. The BHK interpretation of intuitionistic logic has a precise formulation in the Logic of Proofs and its arithmetical semantics. We show here that this interpretation can be extended to the notion of verification upon which intuitionistic knowledge is based, thereby providing the systems of intuitionistic epistemic logic extended by …
Prawitz conjectured that the proof-theoretically valid logic is intuitionistic logic. Recent work on proof-theoretic validity has disproven this. In fact, it has been shown that proof-theoretic validity is not even closed under substitution. In this paper, we make a minor modification to the definition of proof-theoretic validity found in Prawitz (1973) and refined by Schroeder-Heister (2006). We will call the new notion generalised proof-theoretic validity and show that the logic of generalised proof-theoretic validity is intuitionistic logic.
Intuitionistic and Constructive Modal Logics for Classical Modal Logicians
本文面向经典模态逻辑研究者，综述直觉主义框架下的两类命题模态逻辑，研究介于两者间的新逻辑$\textbf{KI}$并证其完备性，还指出$\textbf{CK}$语义缺陷并证明$\textbf{CK}$、$\textbf{WK}$的Lyndon插值定理。
The paper treats 4 different fragments of first-order logic induced by their respective versions of Kripke style semantics for modal intuitionistic logic. In order to capture these fragments, the notion of asimulation is modified and extended to yield Van Benthem type of semantic characterization of their respective expressive powers. It is shown, further, that this characterization can be easily carried over to arbitrary first-order definable subclasses of classical first-order models.
Given a weakly compact cardinal $κ$, we give an axiomatization of intuitionistic first-order logic over $\mathcal{L}_{κ^+, κ}$ and prove it is sound and complete with respect to Kripke models. As a consequence we get the disjunction and existence properties for that logic. This generalizes the work of Nadel for intuitionistic logic over $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1, ω}$. When $κ$ is a regular cardinal such that $κ^{<κ}=κ$, we deduce, by an easy modification of the proof, a complete axiomatization of intuitionistic first-order logic over $\mathcal{L}_{κ^+, κ, κ}$, the language with disjunctions of at most…
Let V be a set of number-theoretical functions. We define a notion of V -realizability for predicate formulas in such a way that the indices of functions in V are used for interpreting the implication and the universal quantifier. In this paper we prove that Intuitionistic Predicate Calculus is sound with respect to the semantics of V -realizability if and only if some natural conditions for V hold.
We present three examples of \textit{multi-topological} semantics for intuitionistic modal logic with one modal operator $\Box$ (which behaves in some sense like necessity). We show that it is possible to treat neighborhood models, introduced earlier, as multi-topological. From the neighborhood point of view, our method is based on differences between properties of minimal and maximal neighborhoods. Also we propose transformation of multi-topological spaces into the neighborhood structures. Although our neighborhoods can be considered as bi-relational models, we believe that reasoning in terms…
Stable Canonical Rules for Intuitionistic Modal Logics
本文研究了直观模态逻辑的稳定公理规则，证明了多结论推论关系可由稳定公理规则 axiomatize，并以此证明了Blok-Esakia定理的替代证明及扩展，同时解决了Dummett-Lemmon猜想。
This work is a mathematician's attempt to understand intuitionistic logic. It can be read in two ways: as a research paper interspersed with lengthy digressions into rethinking of standard material; or as an elementary (but highly unconventional) introduction to first-order intuitionistic logic. For the latter purpose, no training in formal logic is required, but a modest literacy in mathematics, such as topological spaces and posets, is assumed. The main theme of this work is the search for a formal semantics adequate to Kolmogorov's informal interpretation of intuitionistic logic (whose simp…
This paper introduces two sequent calculi for intuitionistic strong Löb logic ${\sf iSL}_\Box$: a terminating sequent calculus ${\sf G4iSL}_\Box$ based on the terminating sequent calculus ${\sf G4ip}$ for intuitionistic propositional logic ${\sf IPC}$ and an extension ${\sf G3iSL}_\Box$ of the standard cut-free sequent calculus ${\sf G3ip}$ without structural rules for ${\sf IPC}$. One of the main results is a syntactic proof of the cut-elimination theorem for ${\sf G3iSL}_\Box$. In addition, equivalences between the sequent calculi and Hilbert systems for ${\sf iSL}_\Box$ are established. It …
Takeuti and Titani have introduced and investigated a logic they called intuitionistic fuzzy logic. This logic is characterized as the first-order Goedel logic based on the truth value set [0,1]. The logic is known to be axiomatizable, but no deduction system amenable to proof-theoretic, and hence, computational treatment, has been known. Such a system is presented here, based on previous work on hypersequent calculi for propositional Goedel logics by Avron. It is shown that the system is sound and complete, and allows cut-elimination. A question by Takano regarding the eliminability of the Ta…
We outline an intuitionistic view of knowledge which maintains the original Brou\-wer-Heyting-Kolmogorov semantics for intuitionism and is consistent with the well-known approach that intuitionistic knowledge be regarded as the result of verification. We argue that on this view co-reflection $A \rightarrow {\bf{K}} A$ is valid and the factivity of knowledge holds in the form ${\bf{K}} A \rightarrow \neg\neg A$ `known propositions cannot be false'. We show that the traditional form of factivity ${\bf{K}} A \rightarrow A$ is a distinctly classical principle which, like {\it tertium non datur} $A…
We give Hennessy-Milner classes for intuitionistic, dual-intuitionistic and bi-intuitionistic logic interpreted in intuitionistic Kripke models, and generalise these results to modal (dual- and bi-)intuitionistic logics. Our main technical tools are image-compact and pre-image-compact relations that provide a semantical description of modal saturation properties.
We introduce a realisability semantics for infinitary intuitionistic set theory that is based on Ordinal Turing Machines (OTMs). We show that our notion of OTM-realisability is sound with respect to certain systems of infinitary intuitionistic logic, and that all axioms of infinitary Kripke-Platek set theory are realised. Finally, we use a variant of our notion of realisability to show that the propositional admissible rules of (finitary) intuitionistic Kripke-Platek set theory are exactly the admissible rules of intuitionistic propositional logic.
In a 1985 commentary to his collected works, Kolmogorov remarked that his 1932 paper "was written in hope that with time, the logic of solution of problems [i.e., intuitionistic logic] will become a permanent part of a [standard] course of logic. A unified logical apparatus was intended to be created, which would deal with objects of two types - propositions and problems." We construct such a formal system, as well as its predicate version QHC, which is a conservative extension of both the intuitionistic predicate calculus QH and the classical predicate calculus QC. The only new connectives ? …
The intuitionistic temporal logic of dynamical systems
本文提出动力系统的直觉主义时态逻辑变体 ITL^c，证明其可判定性，并表明它能表达极小性和庞加莱回归，可用于推理非平凡渐近行为。
On an Inferential Semantics for Intuitionistic Sentential Logic
本文揭示了Sandqvist的B-eS与Mints基于归结的方法之间的联系，证明B-eS的可靠性与完备性可直接由Mints定理得出，强调了证明搜索与归结方法在构造性推理中的概念作用。
The Gödel translation provides an embedding of the intuitionistic logic $\mathsf{IPC}$ into the modal logic $\mathsf{Grz}$, which then embeds into the modal logic $\mathsf{GL}$ via the splitting translation. Combined with Solovay's theorem that $\mathsf{GL}$ is the modal logic of the provability predicate of Peano Arithmetic $\mathsf{PA}$, both $\mathsf{IPC}$ and $\mathsf{Grz}$ admit arithmetical interpretations. When attempting to 'lift' these results to the monadic extensions $\mathsf{MIPC}$, $\mathsf{MGrz}$, and $\mathsf{MGL}$ of these logics, the same techniques no longer work. Following a…
In this paper we analyse logic of false belief in intuitionistic setting. This logic, studied in its classical version by Steinsvold, Fan, Gilbert and Venturi, describes the following situation: a formula F is not satisfied in a given world, but we still believe in it (or we think that it should be accepted). Another interpretations are also possible: e.g. that we do not accept F but it is imposed on us by a kind of council or advisory board. From the mathematical point of view, the idea is expressed by an adequate form of modal operator W which is interpreted in relational frames with neighbo…
Intuitionistic Implication in Elementary Team Logics
本文研究初等团队逻辑FOT的两种修改：其无包含原子片段的量词消去，以及添加直觉主义蕴涵后表达能力提升至全二阶逻辑，导致有效性等价。
Earlier, the authors introduced the logic IntGC, which is an extension of intuitionistic propositional logic by two rules of inference mimicking the performance of Galois connections (Logic J. of the IGPL, 18:837-858, 2010). In this paper, the extensions Int2GC and Int2GC+FS of IntGC are studied. Int2GC can be seen as a fusion of two IntGC logics, and Int2GC+FS is obtained from Int2GC by adding instances of duality-like connections $\Diamond(A \to\ B) \to (\Box A \to \Diamond B)$ and $(\Diamond A \to \Box B) \to \Box(A \to B)$, introduced by G. Fischer Servi (Rend. Sem. Mat. Univers. Politecn.…
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