arXiv 1003.26082010-03cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.dis-nncond-mat.supr-con

囚禁玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的耗散输运

Dissipative Transport of Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensates through Disorder

S. G. Bhongale, Paata Kakashvili, C. J. Bolech, H. Pu

备注：: 5 pages
发表信息：: Phys. Rev. A 82, 053632 (2010)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.053632

摘要：

自Anderson的工作[Phys. Rev. { \bf 109}，1492（1958）]以来，几乎半个世纪过去了，目前还没有一个很好的理论框架来理解无序情况下相互作用粒子的动力学。在这里，我们解决这个问题的相互作用玻色子附近的$T=0$，一种情况下，已实现在被困原子实验与光学散斑紊乱。我们发展了一个理论模型，用于理解\emph{finite-size}玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体通过无序势的流体动力学输运。我们的目标是建立一个简单的模型，保留系统的所有丰富性，但提供分析表达式，允许更深入地了解物理机制。比较我们的理论预测与实验数据的大振幅偶极振荡的凝聚体在光学散斑无序显示惊人的协议。我们能够量化各种耗散制度的缓慢和快速阻尼。我们的计算提供了一个明确的证据，减少无序强度由于相互作用。这里提出的分析处理，使我们能够预测的相互作用依赖的阻尼的幂律。相应的指数被发现敏感地依赖于维数，并与实验观察非常吻合。因此，我们的模型，正确地捕捉基本的物理耗散在这样的传输实验，是熟练的建立。

英文摘要：

After almost half a century since the work of Anderson [Phys. Rev. {\bf 109}, 1492 (1958)], at present there is no well established theoretical framework for understanding the dynamics of interacting particles in the presence of disorder. Here, we address this problem for interacting bosons near $T=0$, a situation that has been realized in trapped atomic experiments with an optical speckle disorder. We develop a theoretical model for understanding the hydrodynamic transport of \emph{finite-size} Bose-Einstein condensates through disorder potentials. The goal has been to set up a simple model that will retain all the richness of the system, yet provide analytic expressions, allowing deeper insight into the physical mechanism. Comparison of our theoretical predictions with the experimental data on large-amplitude dipole oscillations of a condensate in an optical-speckle disorder shows striking agreement. We are able to quantify various dissipative regimes of slow and fast damping. Our calculations provide a clear evidence of reduction in disorder strength due to interactions. The analytic treatment presented here allows us to predict the power law governing the interaction dependance of damping. The corresponding exponents are found to depend sensitively on the dimensionality and are in excellent agreement with experimental observations. Thus, the adeptness of our model, to correctly capture the essential physics of dissipation in such transport experiments, is established.

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