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arXiv 1003.2347cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.quant-gasquant-ph
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光晶格中长程量子自旋系统系综的非等价性

Nonequivalence of ensembles for long-range quantum spin systems in optical lattices

Michael Kastner

摘要:

基于光晶格中冷偶极原子或分子间相互作用的各向异性长程性质,我们研究了具有Curie-Weiss型长程相互作用的各向异性量子Heisenberg模型.在光晶格实验中没有热浴,这表明在微正则系综中研究这个模型。微正则熵的解析计算,和非等价的微正则和正则系综被发现的各向异性参数的范围。从熵的形状可以看出,在正则热力学中,居里-魏斯海森堡模型与居里-魏斯伊辛模型是不可区分的,尽管它们的微正则热力学不同。定性地说,观察到的非等价系综的特征预计是相关的长程量子自旋系统实现在光晶格实验。

英文摘要:

Motivated by the anisotropic long-range nature of the interactions between cold dipolar atoms or molecules in an optical lattice, we study the anisotropic quantum Heisenberg model with Curie-Weiss-type long-range interactions. Absence of a heat bath in optical lattice experiments suggests a study of this model within the microcanonical ensemble. The microcanonical entropy is calculated analytically, and nonequivalence of microcanonical and canonical ensembles is found for a range of anisotropy parameters. From the shape of the entropy it follows that the Curie-Weiss Heisenberg model is indistinguishable from the Curie-Weiss Ising model in canonical thermodynamics, although their microcanonical thermodynamics differs. Qualitatively, the observed features of nonequivalent ensembles are expected to be relevant for long-range quantum spin systems realized in optical lattice experiments.

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