arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1003.2166astro-ph.CO
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高红移类星体场中的恒星形成星系过剩

An excess of star-forming galaxies in the fields of high-redshift QSOs

J. A. Stevens, Matt J. Jarvis, K. E. K. Coppin, M. J. Page, T. R. Greve, F. J. Carrera, R. J. Ivison

摘要:

我们提出了以1.7 <z <2.8准恒星物体(QSO)为中心的五个场的亚毫米和中红外成像观测。所有5个类星体以前都是在亚毫米波长上探测到的。在850(450)微米,我们发现17(11)亚毫米星系(SMG)除了类星体。在850 μ m处绘制的总面积约为28弧分^[2],RMS噪声水平为1-2 mJy/束,具体取决于磁场。使用与"空白场"亚毫米测量所采用的相同分析技术,从850微米数据计算整数计数。我们发现,“类星体场”的计数显示出一个明显的过剩,在2 - 4毫焦耳的去增强通量密度的空白场计数;在较高的通量密度的计数是一致的空白场计数。对所有四个亚毫米探测到的类星体和约60%的SMG都确定了强有力的中红外对应物。类星体的中红外颜色类似于本地ULIRG/AGN Mrk 231的颜色,如果放在1 <z <3,而大多数SMG的颜色非常类似于本地ULIRG Arp 220的颜色。因此,中红外诊断没有发现强有力的证据表明SMG的主机掩埋AGN,虽然我们不能排除这种可能性。总之,我们的研究结果表明,类星体坐落在早期宇宙的区域正在经历一个增强的主要恒星形成活动的水平,并应演变成为类似的密集地区,包含大质量星系在本时代。最后,我们发现的证据表明,在个别星系的恒星形成活动的水平似乎是较低的类星体周围比它周围更强大的射电响亮的活动星系核在更高的红移。

英文摘要:

We present submillimetre and mid-infrared imaging observations of five fields centred on quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) at 1.7<z<2.8. All 5 QSOs were detected previously at submillimetre wavelengths. At 850 (450) um we detect 17 (11) submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) in addition to the QSOs. The total area mapped at 850 um is ~28 arcmin^2 down to RMS noise levels of 1-2 mJy/beam, depending on the field. Integral number counts are computed from the 850 um data using the same analytical techniques adopted by `blank-field' submillimetre surveys. We find that the `QSO-field' counts show a clear excess over the blank-field counts at deboosted flux densities of 2-4 mJy; at higher flux densities the counts are consistent with the blank-field counts. Robust mid-infrared counterparts are identified for all four submillimetre detected QSOs and ~60 per cent of the SMGs. The mid-infrared colours of the QSOs are similar to those of the local ULIRG/AGN Mrk 231 if placed at 1<z<3 whilst most of the SMGs have colours very similar to those of the local ULIRG Arp 220 at 1<z<3. Mid-infrared diagnostics therefore find no strong evidence that the SMGs host buried AGN although we cannot rule out such a possibility. Taken together our results suggest that the QSOs sit in regions of the early universe which are undergoing an enhanced level of major star-formation activity, and should evolve to become similarly dense regions containing massive galaxies at the present epoch. Finally, we find evidence that the level of star-formation activity in individual galaxies appears to be lower around the QSOs than it is around more powerful radio-loud AGN at higher redshifts.

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