刚性金星的精确自由和强迫旋转运动
Accurate free and forced rotational motions of rigid Venus
摘要：
背景：对像金星这样的类地行星进行精确和准确的建模是一个令人兴奋和具有挑战性的话题，更有趣的是，它可以与地球进行比较，因为这种建模已经在毫弧秒水平上实现了：我们想完成之前的一项研究（Cottereau和Souchay，2009年），通过在毫弧秒水平上确定polhody，即在物体固定框架中刚性金星的角动量轴的无扭矩运动，以及它在空间中的第三个图形轴的章动，从观测的角度来看，这是基本的。结果：在第一部分中，我们计算了polhody，即金星角动量轴相对于天体固定坐标系的自由旋转运动。我们已经证明，这种运动是高度椭圆的，与地球的430 d相比，它有525 cy的很长的周期。这是由于与我们的行星相比，金星的动力学扁平度非常小。在第二部分中，我们精确地计算了Oppolzer项，它可以表示在太阳引力矩的影响下，第三金星图轴相对于金星角动量轴的空间运动。我们已经确定了相应的第三数字轴的章动系数表，既在经度上，又在由于太阳的章动，这是同一个数量级的振幅为地球。我们已经证明，章动系数的第三个数字轴是显着不同的角动量轴的地球相反。通过数值积分揭示了行星的间接效应，验证了我们的分析结果。
英文摘要：
% context :The precise and accurate modelling of a terrestrial planet like Venus is an exciting and challenging topic, all the more interesting since it can be compared with that of the Earth for which such a modelling has already been achieved at the milliarcsecond level % aims: We want to complete a previous study (Cottereau and Souchay, 2009), by determining at the milliarcsecond level the polhody, i.e. the torque-free motion of the axis of angular momentum of a rigid Venus in a body-fixed frame, as well as the nutation of its third axis of figure in space, which is fundamental from an observational point of view. results :In a first part we have computed the polhody, i.e. the respective free rotational motion of the axis of angular momentum of Venus with respect to a body-fixed frame. We have shown that this motion is highly elliptical, with a very long period of 525 cy to be compared with 430 d for the Earth. This is due to the very small dynamical flattening of Venus in comparison with our planet. In a second part we have computed precisely the Oppolzer terms which allow to represent the motion in space of the third Venus figure axis with respect to Venus angular momentum axis, under the influence of the solar gravitational torque. We have determined the corresponding tables of coefficients of nutation of the third figure axis both in longitude and in obliquity due to the Sun, which are of the same order of amplitude as for the Earth. We have shown that the coefficients of nutation for the third figure axis are significantly different from those of the angular momentum axis on the contrary of the Earth. Our analytical results have been validated by a numerical integration which revealed the indirect planetary effects.
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