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arXiv 1002.4195astro-ph.SR
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SN 1987 A星周内环的丰度和密度结构

Abundances and density structure of the inner circumstellar ring around SN 1987A

Seppo Mattila, Peter Lundqvist, Per Groeningsson, Peter Meikle, Raylee Stathakis, Claes Fransson, Russell Cannon

摘要:

本文介绍了在超新星爆炸后~1400 ~5000天之间,由英澳望远镜(AAT)和甚大望远镜(VLT)观测到的SN 1987 A星周内环的光谱数据。我们还从文献中收集了约300至约2000天的光学和近红外线通量。这些线光变曲线与光电离模型拟合,以确定内环的密度结构和元素丰度。我们发现内环内的密度范围为1x 10^3至3x 10^4个原子cm^-3,电离气体的总质量约为0.058兆太阳。根据光学和近红外数据推断的丰度还得到了Lundqvist和Fransson(1996年)根据紫外线估算的数据的补充。通过这种方式,我们发现He/H比(原子数)为0.17+-0.06,比以前估计的低约30%,是太阳和大麦云(LMC)值的两倍。我们发现N/O比为1.5 ± 0.7,总的(C+N+O)/(H+He)丰度约为LMC值的1.6倍,或约为最近太阳值的0.6倍。铁丰度为0.20+-0.11倍太阳能,这是在大麦哲伦星云的估计范围内。我们还提出了晚时间(~5000 - 7500天)的线光曲线的[O III],[Ne III],[Ne IV],[Ar III],[Ar IV],和[Fe VII]的观测与VLT。我们将这些数据与模型通量进行了比较,发现要解释最高电离线的数据,还需要增加10^2个原子cm^-3的分量。这种低密度气体预计在内环内部的H II区域中,该区域可能还延伸到更高纬度处的更大半径(环平面外)。在时代晚于5000天,我们的模型产生不足的排放,这些线的预期,由于贡献的超新星喷出物与环的相互作用。

英文摘要:

We present optical spectroscopic data of the inner circumstellar ring around SN 1987A from the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) and the Very Large Telescope (VLT) between ~1400 and ~5000 days post-explosion. We also assembled the available optical and near-infrared line fluxes from the literature between ~300 and ~2000 days. These line light curves were fitted with a photoionization model to determine the density structure and the elemental abundances for the inner ring. We found densities ranging from 1x10^3 to 3x10^4 atoms cm^-3 and a total mass of the ionized gas of ~0.058 Msun within the inner ring. Abundances inferred from the optical and near-infrared data were also complemented with estimates of Lundqvist & Fransson (1996) based on ultraviolet lines. This way we found an He/H-ratio (by number of atoms) of 0.17+-0.06 which is roughly 30% lower than previously estimated and twice the solar and the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) value. We found an N/O-ratio of 1.5+-0.7, and the total (C+N+O)/(H+He) abundance about 1.6 times its LMC value or roughly 0.6 times the most recent solar value. An iron abundance of 0.20+-0.11 times solar was found which is within the range of the estimates for the LMC. We also present late time (~5000 - 7500 days) line light curves of [O III], [Ne III], [Ne IV], [Ar III], [Ar IV], and [Fe VII] from observations with the VLT. We compared these with model fluxes and found that an additional 10^2 atoms cm^-3 component was required to explain the data of the highest ionization lines. Such low density gas is expected in the H II-region interior to the inner ring which likely extends also to larger radii at higher latitudes (out of the ring plane). At epochs later than ~5000 days our models underproduce the emission of most of these lines as expected due to the contribution from the interaction of the supernova ejecta with the ring.

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