我们完成了现有的文献动力学理论的系统与长程相互作用。从BBGKY族出发,或利用投影算子技巧或拟线性理论,在忽略集体效应的情况下,可以导出一般的动力学方程。这个方程(并不为人所熟知)适用于可能空间不均匀的系统,这是特定于具有长程相互作用的系统。有趣的是,这个动力学方程的结构在广义久保关系中具有明确的物理意义。此外,这个方程对恒星系统和二维点涡采取了非常相似的形式,因此提供了这些系统的动力学理论的统一描述。如果我们假设系统是空间均匀的(或轴对称的点涡),这个方程可以简化,并减少到朗道方程(或其对应的点涡)。因此,我们的形式主义提供了一个简单的推导朗道型方程。我们还使用这种一般的形式主义,推导出一个动力学方程,写在角度作用变量,描述空间非均匀系统与长程相互作用。这个新的推导解决了我们以前的推导[P. H. Chavanis,Physica A 377,469(2007)]。最后,我们考虑了一个测试粒子的方法,并推导出一般表达式的扩散和摩擦(或漂移)系数的测试粒子在浴缸中的字段粒子的演变。我们与以前在文献中获得的表达式进行了联系。作为动力学理论的一个应用,我们认为,非均匀(或高维)系统的弛豫时间短于均匀(或低维)系统,因为有潜在的更多的共振。
英文摘要:
We complete the existing literature on the kinetic theory of systems with long-range interactions. Starting from the BBGKY hierarchy, or using projection operator technics or a quasilinear theory, a general kinetic equation can be derived when collective effects are neglected. This equation (which is not well-known) applies to possibly spatially inhomogeneous systems, which is specific to systems with long-range interactions. Interestingly, the structure of this kinetic equation bears a clear physical meaning in terms of generalized Kubo relations. Furthermore, this equation takes a very similar form for stellar systems and two-dimensional point vortices providing therefore a unified description of the kinetic theory of these systems. If we assume that the system is spatially homogeneous (or axisymmetric for point vortices), this equation can be simplified and reduces to the Landau equation (or its counterpart for point vortices). Our formalism thus offers a simple derivation of Landau-type equations. We also use this general formalism to derive a kinetic equation, written in angle-action variables, describing spatially inhomogeneous systems with long-range interactions. This new derivation solves the shortcomings of our previous derivation [P.H. Chavanis, Physica A 377, 469 (2007)]. Finally, we consider a test particle approach and derive general expressions for the diffusion and friction (or drift) coefficients of a test particle evolving in a bath of field particles. We make contact with the expressions previously obtained in the literature. As an application of the kinetic theory, we argue that the relaxation time is shorter for inhomogeneous (or high-dimensional) systems than for homogeneous (or low-dimensional) systems because there are potentially more resonances.
The microscopic phase density functional approach to the construction of the kinetic and hydrodynamic description for the system of self-propelled particles
A consistent description of kinetics and hydrodynamics of systems of interacting particles by means of the nonequilibrium statistical operator method
本文在D. N. Zubarev提出的非平衡统计算符方法的基础上,给出了一种描述相互作用粒子系统动力学和流体力学过程的自洽统计方法。给出了如何得到硬球模型的修正Enskog理论的动力学方程、多步相互作用势的动力学方程和带电硬球系统的Enskog-Landau动力学方程。BBGKY层次结构分析的基础上修改的组扩展。广义输运方程的动力学和流体力学的自洽描述。研究了弱非平衡相互作用粒子系统的时间关联函数、集体激发谱和广义输运系数。
Transport coefficients in hard-sphere fluids: thermodynamic versus kinetic descriptions
Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas de Mar del Plata (IFIMAR-CONICET), Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata(马德普拉塔物理研究所(IFIMAR-CONICET),自然科学学院物理系,马德普拉塔国立大学)
Statistical Mesoscopic Hydro-Thermodynamics: The Description of Kinetics and Hydrodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes in Single Liquids
流体力学,一个术语显然是由丹尼尔伯努利(1700年至1783年)介绍,包括流体静力学和水力学,有着悠久的历史,有几种理论方法。在这里,经过描述性的介绍,我们提出了所谓的介观流体热力学,这也被称为高阶广义流体力学,建立在一个机械统计形式主义的框架内。它包括一个描述的材料和热运动的流体在相应的密度和其相关的通量的所有订单。以这种方式,运动的特征在于中短波长和中高频。通量有相关的麦克斯韦时间,发挥了重要的作用,在确定适当的收缩的描述(的巨大的一套通量的所有订单),以解决在每个实验设置的运动的表征。本研究是一篇初步文章的扩展:Physical Review E \textbf{91},063011(2015)。
Ultrametric theory of conformational dynamics of protein molecules in a functional state and the description of experiments on the kinetics of CO binding to myoglobin