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arXiv 1002.2091astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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云的湍流破坏- II。马赫数依赖性、质量损失率和尾翼形成

The Turbulent Destruction of Clouds - II. Mach Number Dependence, Mass-loss Rates, and Tail Formation

J. M. Pittard, T. W. Hartquist, S. A. E. G. Falle

摘要:

本文研究了绝热激波通过时云的湍流破坏。我们发现云的寿命和Hartquist等人(1986)的分析结果之间存在很大的差异。这些差异似乎是由于Hartquist等人的假设,即质量损失主要是由于远离驻点的云表面上的低压区,而实际上开尔文-亥姆霍兹(KH)不稳定性在云破坏中起着主导作用。我们发现,云的真实寿命(定义为当所有的材料从云的核心是很好地混合与云间的材料在流体动力学细胞)是大约6倍t_KHD,其中t_KHD是最具破坏性的,长波长,KH不稳定性的增长时标。这些发现具有广泛的影响扩散源,其中有热,冷相之间的材料转移。还研究了相互作用随马赫数和云密度对比度的变化特性。在较低的马赫数时,相互作用较弱,最显著的差别出现在低激波马赫数时,此时激波后气体相对于云是亚音速的(即M < 2.76)。只有当云与周围介质的密度对比度chi > 1 e3时,从云上剥离下来的物质才会形成一个长长的“尾巴状”特征。

英文摘要:

The turbulent destruction of a cloud subject to the passage of an adiabatic shock is studied. We find large discrepancies between the lifetime of the cloud and the analytical result of Hartquist et al. (1986). These differences appear to be due to the assumption in Hartquist et al. that mass-loss occurs largely as a result of lower pressure regions on the surface of the cloud away from the stagnation point, whereas in reality Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instabilities play a dominant role in the cloud destruction. We find that the true lifetime of the cloud (defined as when all of the material from the core of the cloud is well mixed with the intercloud material in the hydrodynamic cells) is about 6 times t_KHD, where t_KHD is the growth timescale for the most disruptive, long-wavelength, KH instabilities. These findings have wide implications for diffuse sources where there is transfer of material between hot and cool phases. The properties of the interaction as a function of Mach number and cloud density contrast are also studied. The interaction is milder at lower Mach numbers with the most marked differences occuring at low shock Mach numbers when the postshock gas is subsonic with respect to the cloud (i.e. M < 2.76). Material stripped off the cloud only forms a long "tail-like" feature if the density contrast of the cloud to the ambient medium, chi > 1e3.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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