Shedding Light on the Symmetries of Dark Matter
Susan Gardner
我认为对称性，可以解释观察到的暗物质，即它的稳定性陀螺时间尺度或其遗迹密度，并讨论如何通过研究这种对称性的传播和偏振的光在其过境通过暗物质。
I consider symmetries which could explain observed properties of dark matter, namely, its stability on Gyr time scales or its relic density and discuss how such symmetries can be discovered through the study of the propagation and polarization of light in its transit through dark matter.
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Shedding light on flavour symmetries with rare decays of quarks and leptons
稀有轻子衰变（$μ\to e γ$，$τ\to μγ$，>.）和罕见的$B$和$K$衰变（$B\to \ell^+\ell^-$、$B\to \ellν$、$K\to πνν$、$K\to\ellν$、.）在探索潜在的味道对称性的存在进行了审查。特别强调夸克和轻子味结构之间的联系，在一般的有效场论方法的物理超越SM的背景下。
Shedding Light on Dark Matter with Fermi LAT Data on Gamma Rays
费米伽玛射线空间望远镜的LAT仪器收集了银河系中心地区的弥散伽玛射线数据。在本文中，我们认为，它可能能够提供一个明确的证据起源，除了已知的天体物理来源，从暗物质湮灭的晕，独立的质量和其他属性的暗物质粒子。我们还表明，最近发布的高精度数据中纬度地区已经提供了一个上限，虽然仍然是一个薄弱的，作为一个函数的暗物质的质量假设是一个稳定的中性伴子的最小超对称性的暗物质密度分布的尖。
In $\rmΛ$CDM cosmology, Dark Matter (DM) and neutrinos are assumed to be non-interacting. However, it is possible to have scenarios, where DM-neutrino interaction may be present, leading to scattering of DM with neutrinos and annihilation of DM into neutrinos. We investigate the viability of such scenarios in the light of cosmological data by making use of the Planck 2018 dataset (high-l TT+TE+EE, low-l TT, low-l EE) and constrain these processes in the light of the same. We also discuss a viable particle DM model where DM-neutrino interaction is present, and map the constraints obtained to th…
Shedding Light on Dark Matter: A Faraday Rotation Experiment to Limit a Dark Magnetic Moment
法拉第旋转实验可以对电中性暗物质粒子的磁矩设定限制，并且随着候选粒子质量的减少，限制的严格性增加。因此，如果我们假设暗物质粒子是一个热遗迹，我们最严格的限制出现在千电子伏的质量尺度。我们讨论了如何实现这样的实验，并确定了作为质量的函数的磁矩的限制，这遵循给定的实验能力。
Shedding Light on Dark Matter at Colliders
暗物质仍然是我们这个时代基础物理学中最令人困惑的谜团之一。在高能物理对撞机上进行的实验有望揭示其本质并确定其性质。本文综述了最近在大型强子对撞机上对暗物质特征的研究，并讨论了未来e+e对撞机的相关前景。
Shedding light on dark matter spikes through refractive neutrino masses
本文研究DUNE实验通过超新星中微子飞行时间延迟探测折射中微子质量，并发现银河系中心暗物质密度尖峰可显著增强灵敏度。
The emergence of an increasingly strong tension between the Hubble rate inferred from early- and late-time observations has reinvigorated interest in nonstandard scenarios, with the aim of reconciling these measurements. One such model involves interactions between Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Here we consider a specific form of the coupling between these two fluids proportional to the Dark Energy energy density, which has been studied extensively in the literature and claimed to substantially alleviate the Hubble tension. We complement the work already discussed in several previous analyses a…
The LHCb collaboration has recently reported on some anomalies in $b\to s$ transitions. In addition to discrepancies with the Standard Model (SM) predictions in some angular observables and branching ratios, an intriguing hint for lepton universality violation was found. Here we propose a simple model that extends the SM with a dark sector charged under an additional $U(1)$ gauge symmetry. The spontaneous breaking of this symmetry gives rise to a massive $Z^\prime$ boson, which communicates the SM particles with a valid dark matter candidate, while solving the $b\to s$ anomalies with contribut…
Shedding light on LMA-Dark solar neutrino solution by medium baseline reactor experiments: JUNO and RENO-50
在存在非标准中性流相互作用（NSI）的情况下，用$\cos 2θ_{12}<0$给出了太阳中微子异常的一个新的解。我们研究如何通过即将到来的中间基线反应堆实验，JUNO和RENO-50测试这种解决方案。我们指出了两个解决方案之间的退化时，两个层次和$θ_{12}$八分圆翻转。然后，我们评论如何可以部分解除这种简并性的长期基线实验敏感的物质效应，如NOVA实验。
Shedding Light on Mirror Dark Matter Using CDEX
本文利用CDEX-10数据约束镜像暗物质的光子动力学混合参数，并预测CDEX-300将显著提升灵敏度，超越现有实验限制。
Shedding Light on Dark Sectors with Gravitational Waves
本文提出利用早期宇宙一阶相变产生的引力波探测与中子物理相关的暗 sector 模型，并以含暗 U(1)、SU(2) 规范群的标准模型扩展说明未来实验搜寻路径。
CMB photons shedding light on dark matter
暗物质（DM）粒子的湮灭或衰变会影响宇宙的热历史，并在宇宙微波背景（CMB）各向异性中留下可观测到的特征。利用WMAP7和最近的小尺度CMB数据，我们更新了在光滑宇宙学背景下DM粒子湮灭率的约束条件。基于Press-Schechter形式主义的系统分析，我们还表明，在关于晕的浓度和形成红移的合理假设下，小红移的晕中的DM湮灭可以完全解释在CMB中观察到的再电离模式。我们发现，一个混合的再电离模型的基础上DM湮灭晕以及恒星形成的红移z~6.5可以同时考虑到CMB的观测，并满足从冈恩-彼得森效应推断的约束。然而，这些模型往往重新加热星系间介质（IGM）远高于观测界限：通过包括一个现实的前IGM温度在低红移，我们发现更强的宇宙学界限的湮灭截面比与CMB单独。
Low energy antideuterons: shedding light on dark matter
低能反氘核的二次和三次天体物理背景很低，但它们可以在暗物质对湮灭中大量合成，因此提供了一种特殊的间接暗物质探测技术。最近出版的第一个上限的低能量antideuteron通量的BESS合作，一个新的评估标准的天体物理背景，和显着的进展，在一个专门的实验，GAPS的发展，激发一个新的和准确的分析antideuteron通量预期在粒子暗物质模型。在这种程度上，我们认为这里的超对称，普遍的额外维度（UED）卡鲁扎-克莱因和扭曲的额外维度的暗物质模型，并评估反氘探测的前景以及各种相关的不确定性来源。GAPS实验，即使在初步的球载设置，将探索许多超对称的配置，并最终，在其最终的空间配置，将是敏感的主要反氘核在整个宇宙学允许的UED参数空间，提供了一个搜索技术，这是高度互补的其他直接和间接的暗物质探测实验。
Recently, we have witnessed two hints of physics beyond the standard model: A 3.3$σ$ local excess ($M_{A_0} = 52$ GeV) in the search for $H_0\to A_0 A_0\to b\bar{b}μ^{+}μ^{-}$ and a 4.2$σ$ deviation from the SM prediction in the $(g-2)_μ$ measurement. The first excess was found by the ATLAS Collaboration using 139 fb$^{-1}$ data at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. The second deviation is a combination of the results from the Brookhaven E821 and the recently reported Fermilab E989 experiment. We attempt to explain these deviations in terms of a renormalizable simplified dark matter model. Inspired by the nul…
Shedding Light on the Dark Sector with Direct WIMP Production
弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）提供了一个有吸引力的暗物质候选者，并且应该在下一代高能对撞机的范围内。本文研究了在国际直线对撞机（ILC）上电子-正电子碰撞中伴随着初始态辐射光子的直接产生WIMP对的过程。我们提出了一个参数化的微分截面，这个过程中，方便地分离的模型独立的信息提供的宇宙学从粒子物理学的模型相关的输入。作为应用，我们考虑两个简单的模型，一个是超对称的，另一个是“通用额外维度”（UED）类型。在每个模型中的ILC的发现范围和参数测量的预期精度进行了研究。此外，对于这两个例子中的每一个，我们还研究了ILC通过光子能谱的形状判别分析来区分这两种模型的能力。我们表明，有足够的光束偏振的替代模型的解释可以排除在很大一部分的相关参数空间。
The small-scale crisis, discrepancies between observations and N-body simulations, may imply suppressed matter fluctuations on subgalactic distance scales. Such a suppression could be caused by some early-universe mechanism (e.g., broken scale invariance during inflation), leading to a modification of the primordial power spectrum at the onset of the radiation-domination era. Alternatively, it may be due to nontrivial dark-matter properties (e.g., new dark-matter interactions or warm dark matter) that affect the matter power spectrum at late times, during radiation domination, after the pertur…
Heavy right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) provide the simplest explanation for the origin of light neutrino masses and mixings. If the RHN masses are at or below the weak scale, direct experimental discovery of these states is possible at accelerator experiments such as the LHC or new dedicated beam dump experiments; in such experiments, the RHN decays after traversing a macroscopic distance from the collision point. The experimental sensitivity to RHNs is significantly enhanced if there is a new "dark" gauge force connecting them to the Standard Model (SM), and detection of RHNs can be the primary …
We consider a singlet fermionic dark matter (DM) $χ$ in a gauged $U(1)_{B-3L_i}$ extension of the Standard Model (SM), with $i\in e\,,μ\,,τ$, and derive bounds on the allowed parameter space, considering its production via freeze-in mechanism. The DM communicates with the SM only through flavorful vector-portal $Z_\text{B3L}$ due to its non-trivial charge $x$ under $U(1)_{B-3L_{i}}$, which also guarantees the stability of the DM over the age of the Universe for $x\neq\{\pm 3/2,\pm 3\}$. Considering $Z_\text{B3L}$ to lie within the mass range of a few MeV up to a few GeV, we obtain constraints …
Shedding Infrared Light on QCD Axion and ALP Dark Matter with JWST
本研究利用JWST的NIRSpec IFU光谱观测，对0.47至2.55 eV质量范围的QCD轴子和ALP暗物质的光子耦合施加了最强限制，并探测了新质量范围，为未来发现暗物质提供了可能。
We explore kaon decays with missing energy carried away by a massless dark photon, $\barγ$, assumed to have flavor-changing dipole-type couplings to the $d$ and $s$ quarks. We consider in particular the neutral-kaon modes $K_L\toγ\barγ$ and $K_L\toπ^0γ\barγ$ and their $K_S$ counterparts, as well as the charged-kaon channel $K^+\toπ^+γ\barγ$, each of which also has an ordinary photon, $γ$, in the final state. In addition, we look at $K_{L,S}\toπ^+π^-\barγ$ and $K^+\toπ^+π^0\barγ$. Interestingly, the same $ds\barγ$ interactions give rise to the flavor-changing two-body decays of hyperons with mi…
Shedding Stray Light on Decaying Light Dark Matter: Constraints from NuSTAR X-ray Observations
利用NuSTAR杂散光数据，通过分析暗物质衰变产生的X射线信号，对质量在keV量级的轻暗物质模型（包括标量、ALP和暗光子）给出了最强的间接探测上限。
The stability of dark matter is normally achieved by imposing extra symmetries beyond those of the Standard Model of Particle Physics. In this paper we present a framework where the dark matter stability emerges as a consequence of the Standard Model symmetries. The dark matter particle is an antisymmetric tensor field (analogous to the one used for spin-1 mesons in QCD), singlet under the Standard Model gauge group. The Lagrangian possesses an accidental $Z_2$ symmetry which makes the dark matter stable on cosmological time scales. Interactions with the Standard Model fields proceed through t…
Shedding Light on the "Dark Side" of $B^0_d$--$\bar B^0_d$ Mixing through $B_d\toπ^+π^-$, $K\toπν\barν$ and $B_{d,s}\toμ^+μ^-$
在一个广泛的NP模型，这可以通过通用参数和超对称性的动机，我们得到了很大的贡献$B^0_d$ - $\bar B^0_d$混合，但不是$ΔB=1$过程。如果我们假设这样的情况，则由$A_{CP}^{mix}(B_d\to J/ψK_S)$隐含的$B^0_d$-$\bar B^0_d$混合阶段的解$ϕ_d\sim 47^\circ\lor 133^\circ$不能直接转换成$ρ$-$η$平面中的约束。然而，我们可以用$|V_{ub}/V_{cb}|$和最近测量的$B_d\toπ^+ π^-$中的CP不对称性来补充$ϕ_d$，以确定幺正三角形及其角度$α$，$β$和$γ$。为此，我们还必须控制企鹅效应，我们通过$B_d\toπ^\mp K^\pm$分支比来控制企鹅效应。有趣的是，目前的数据显示了一个完全一致的图片不仅为“标准”的解决方案的$ϕ_d\sim 47^\circ$，但也为$ϕ_d\sim 133^\circ$。在后一种情况下，幺正三角形顶点的优选区域在第二象限，这使得我们可以方便地容纳$γ>90^\circ$，这也有利于其他非轻子B衰变，如$B\toπK$。此外，对BR $(K^+\toπ^+ν\barν})$的预测也能更好地与实验相吻合。进一步的策略，探索这种情况下的$B_{d,s}\toμ^+μ^-$衰变的帮助下进行了讨论。
General considerations in general relativity and quantum mechanics are known to potentially rule out continuous global symmetries in the context of any consistent theory of quantum gravity. Assuming the validity of such considerations, we derive stringent bounds from gamma-ray, X-ray, cosmic-ray, neutrino, and CMB data on models that invoke global symmetries to stabilize the dark matter particle. We compute up-to-date, robust model-independent limits on the dark matter lifetime for a variety of Planck-scale suppressed dimension-five effective operators. We then specialize our analysis and appl…
Non-Abelian family symmetries offer a very promising explanation for the flavour structure in the Standard Model and its extensions. We explore the possibility that dark matter consists in fermions that transform under a family symmetry, such that the visible and dark sector are linked by the familons - Standard Model gauge singlet scalars, responsible for spontaneously breaking the family symmetry. We study three representative models with non-Abelian family symmetries that have been shown capable to explain the masses and mixing of the Standard Model fermions. One of our central results is t…
Dark matter stability from non-Abelian discrete flavor symmetries
在非阿贝尔avour对称性重整化模型的框架下，我们提出了一种暗物质稳定性的机制。同样的非阿贝尔离散avor对称性，占所观察到的模式的中微子振荡，自发地打破了一个Z2子群，使DM稳定。最简单的方案导致一个标量双重DM可能在核反冲实验中检测到，逆中微子质量等级，因此无中微子双β衰变率可用于即将到来的搜索。
In supersymmetric theories without R-parity, the gravitino can play the role of a decaying Dark Matter candidate without the problem of late NLSP decays affecting Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. In this work, we elaborate on recently discussed limits on R-parity violating couplings from decays to antideuterons and discuss the implications for two classes of flavor symmetries: horizontal symmetries, and Minimal Flavor Violation. In most of the parameter space the antideuteron constraints on R-parity violating couplings are stronger than low-energy baryon-number-violating processes. Even in the absenc…
Dark Matter Stability from residual flavour symmetries
该研究提出模型无关框架，利用连续味对称性自发破缺后剩余的离散对称性实现暗物质自然稳定，无需特设稳定对称性，还构建原型模型结合味物理与暗物质研究。
We consider the class of models where Dirac neutrino masses at one loop and the dark matter stability can be obtained using only the global $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry already present in Standard Model. We discuss how the residual $\mathcal{Z}_n$ subgroup, left unbroken after the breaking of $U(1)_{B-L}$, dictates the neutrino nature, namely if they are Dirac or Majorana particles, as well as determines the stability of the dark matter candidate in such models. In particular, we show that without the correct breaking of $U(1)_{B-L}$ to an appropriate residual $\mathcal{Z}_n$ symmetry, the Dirac natu…
The XENON1T collaboration recently reported the excess of events from recoil electrons, possibly giving an insight into new area beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. We try to explain this excess by considering effective interactions between the sterile neutrinos and the SM particles. In this paper, we present an effective model based on one-particle-irreducible interaction vertices at low energies that are induced from the SM gauge symmetric four-fermion operators at high energies. The effective interaction strength is constrained by the SM precision measurements, astrophysical…
Dark Matter Stabilization Symmetries from Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
我们提出了一类由自发对称性破缺产生暗物质稳定对称性的模型。这些模型自然地将暗和电弱对称性破缺标度关联起来。其结果是一个通用的机制连接湮灭截面的热填充暗物质与弱规模。还介绍了热遗迹丰度、对主要精密电弱观测量的灵敏度和LHC的附加特征。
In this talk, I describe a class of electroweak (EW) scale dark matter (DM) models where its stability or longevity are the results of underlying dark gauge symmetries: stable due to unbroken local dark gauge symmetry or topology, or long-lived due to the accidental global symmetry of dark gauge theories. Compared with the usual phenomenological dark matter models (including DM EFT or simplified DM models), DM models with local dark gauge symmetries include dark gauge bosons, dark Higgs bosons and sometimes excited dark matter. And dynamics among these fields are completely fixed by local gaug…
This theoretical particle physics thesis is an investigation into old and new symmetries of Nature. Known symmetries and conservation laws serve as a guide for dark and visible sector model building. New symmetries of Nature are proposed, broken and subsequently reinstated at high temperatures in order to discover well-motivated particle physics models for cosmological observations implying the existence of a dark sector. Candidate processes for creation of a non-primordial matter/antimatter asymmetry result from out of equilibrium spontaneous breaking of these symmetries in the early Universe…
Dark Discrete Gauge Symmetries
我们研究了暗物质被阿贝尔Z_N离散规范对称性稳定的情形。根据对称性和物质含量对模型进行了综述。当N不是素数且Z_N包含一个或多个子群时，多组分暗物质产生。暗部门通过可重整动力学混合和希格斯门算子与可见部门相互作用，我们强调了这些方案中的基本现象。特别是，多个种类的暗物质可以在直接探测实验中导致非常规的核反冲光谱，而暗区中新的光态的存在可以极大地影响希格斯粒子在Tevatron和LHC中的衰变，从而为暗物质稳定性的规范起源提供了一个窗口。
Shedding light on the MiniBoone Excess with Searches at the LHC
本文提出利用LHC上W玻色子衰变产生的高能中微子研究可解释MiniBooNE超额的暗中微子模型，并展示Run 2及HL-LHC搜索对相关参数空间的独特探测能力。
Dark matter, singlet extensions of the nuMSM, and symmetries
我们考虑的nuMSM的扩展，其中无菌中微子质量源于VEV的希格斯单线态phi和暗物质是通过衰变的phi，而不是通过积极的无菌中微子混合。这个模型，我们称之为nuNMSM，可以很容易地满足或逃避莱曼α森林和其他小尺度结构对温暖的暗物质的约束。然而，它需要一个特定的层次马约拉纳质量和汤川耦合没有一个明显的起源。我们表明，nuNMSM的层次参数可以产生从对称性打破或附近的普朗克尺度为两个具体的例子，这个模型：一个在其中phi有助于稳定的电弱真空通过标量阈值效应和一个在其中phi是一个轻暴胀。这两个例子都需要一个复杂的phi，并且有几个与nuMSM不同的实验签名。这些特征包括额外的暗辐射，这是相对论性的原始核合成和CMB去耦，并为前者，一个大的不可见的分支比的希格斯。
Generically, the asymmetric interactions in asymmetric dark matter (ADM) models lead to decaying DM. We show that, for ADM that carries nonzero baryon number, the continuous flavor symmetries that generate the flavor structure in the quark sector also imply a looser lower bound on the mass scale of the asymmetric mediators between the dark and visible sectors. The mediators for $B=2$ ADM that can produce a signal in the future indirect dark matter searches can thus also be searched for at the LHC. For two examples of the mediator models, with either the MFV or Froggatt-Nielsen flavor breaking …
We study the relic abundance of several stable particles from a generic dark sector, including the possible presence of dark asymmetries. After discussing the different possibilities for stabilising multi-component dark matter, we analyse the final relic abundance of the symmetric and asymmetric dark matter components, paying special attention to the role of the unavoidable conversions between dark matter states. We find an exponential dependence of the asymmetries of the heavier components on annihilations and conversions. We conclude that having similar symmetric and asymmetric components is…
Mixed Dark Matter and the Fate of Baryon and Lepton Symmetries
关于大尺度结构的现有数据似乎倾向于混合暗物质（MDM）模型，即具有相当明确定义的数量的热和冷成分，或具有某种形式的"暖”暗物质。我讨论了这些新的情况下DM的背景下，超对称扩展的电弱标准模型的一些前景。特别是，我强调有趣的联系之间存在的DM难题的解决方案和明确的或自发的重子和/或轻子数对称性的前景。对重子发生问题得出了一些结论。
Dark Matter Stabilization Symmetries and Long-Lived Particles at the Large Hadron Collider
标准模型之外的许多流行的新物理模型使用宇称来稳定弱相互作用的暗物质候选者。我们研究了欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机区分模型与奇偶稳定的暗物质模型中的暗物质是稳定的其他对称性的潜力。在这封信中，我们专注于涉及长寿命粒子和大量丢失的横向能量的签名。为了说明这些签名，我们考虑三个模型从文献中，这是一个更一般的一类模型与非传统的稳定对称性的代表。最乐观的方案可以观察到在设计质心能量处具有积分亮度的最小10倒数fb的所提出的签名。要证实稳定对称性不是简单的宇称，可能需要相当长的时间。总之，我们强调，稳定弱相互作用暗物质的基本对称性对大型强子对撞机和我们对暗物质性质的理解具有巨大的影响。
Hidden theories coupled to the SM may provide emergent (dark) vectors, that are composites/bound-states of the hidden fields. This is motivated by paradigms emerging from the AdS/CFT correspondence but it is a more general phenomenon. We explore the general setup and find that UV interactions among currents or charged fields give rise to emergent vectors in the IR. We study the general properties of such vectors and argue that they can be generically different from fundamental dark photons that have been studied so far.
Neutrino Masses and Dark Matter Stability in 3HDMs with Minimal Non-Abelian Discrete Symmetries
研究基于非阿贝尔离散对称性的最小3HDMs，通过新对称性自发破缺产生的\(Z_2\)宇称稳定暗物质候选者，确定\(S_3\)和\(D_4\)为最小非阿贝尔群并找出与中微子振荡数据一致的最小模型，且模型在相关部分守恒CP。
Rapidly spinning dark matter-admixed neutron stars
本研究建模了暗物质独立自转的均匀自转中子星，考察共转与反转情景下暗物质对质量-半径关系、开普勒极限和转动惯量等宏观性质的影响，为自相互作用暗物质的天体物理意义提供新见解。
Disentangling Dark Gauge Symmetries with Deep Learning on the Lund Jet Plane
通过开发适用于任意规范群的新蒙特卡罗部分子簇射模拟框架，并利用Lund喷注平面和神经排序Mamba网络，系统研究暗夸克和胶子的辐射模式，成功区分不同暗规范群的微扰特征。
Discrete symmetries allowed in string compactification are the mother of all global symmetries which are broken at some level. We discuss the resulting pseudo-Goldstone bosons, in particular the QCD axion and a temporary cosmological constant, and inflatons. We also comment on some implications of the recent BICEP2 data.
We consider theories with one gauge group (SU, SO or Sp) and one scalar in a two-index representation. The renormalizable action often has accidental symmetries (such as global U(1) or unusual group parities) that lead to one or more stable states, providing Dark Matter candidates. We discuss the confined phase(s) of each theory and compute the two Higgs phases, finding no generic dualities among them. Discrete gauge symmetries can arise and accidental symmetries can be broken, possibly giving pseudo-Goldstone Dark Matter. Dark Matter candidates can have a complicated sub-structure characteris…
Extracting Properties of Dark Dense Environments around Black Holes from Gravitational Waves
本文提出一种新方法，通过引力波振幅、频率及其时间导数来量化黑洞周围暗物质致密环境对伴星轨道演化的影响，从而提取暗物质性质。
We show that the scotogenic dark symmetry can be obtained as a residual subgroup of the global $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry already present in Standard Model. We propose a general framework where the $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry is spontaneously broken to an even $\mathcal{Z}_{2n}$ subgroup, setting the general conditions for neutrinos to be Majorana and the dark matter stability in terms of the residual $\mathcal{Z}_{2n}$. Under this general framework, as examples, we build a class of simple models where, in the scotogenic spirit, the dark matter candidate is the lightest particle running inside the neutri…
Hidden sector dark matter (DM) models with local dark gauge symmetry make a natural playground for the $γ$-ray excess from the galactic center (GC). In this paper, we first discuss in detail the GC $γ$-ray excess in scalar dark matter model with local $Z_{3}$ symmetry which was recently proposed by the present authors. Within this model, scalar DM with mass $30-70$GeV is allowed due to newly-opened (semi-)annihilation channels of DM pair into dark Higgs $ϕ$ and/or dark photon $Z^{'}$ pair, and can fit the $γ$-ray spectrum from the GC. Then we argue that the GC gamma ray excess can be easily ac…
I present a class of hidden sector dark matter (DM) models with local dark gauge symmetries, where DM is stable due to unbroken local dark gauge symmetry, or due topology, or it is long-lived because of some accidental symme- tries, and the particle contents and their dynamics are completely fixed by local gauge symmetries. In these models, one have two types of natural force mediators, dark gauge bosons and dark Higgs boson, which would affect DM and Higgs phenomenology in important ways. I discuss various phenomenological issues including the GeV scale gamma-ray excess from the galactic cent…
Superheavy Dark Matter with Discrete Gauge Symmetries
我们证明了在超对称标准模型中，存在着离散的规范对称性保护自然重X粒子不衰变为普通轻粒子。这使得超重X粒子构成了当今宇宙中暗物质的一部分的提议非常有吸引力。更有趣的是，存在一类离散的规范对称性，它们自然地容纳了长寿命的不稳定X粒子。我们发现，在某些离散的Z_{10}模型中，例如一个超重X粒子的质量M_X为\simeq 10 ^{13}-10 14} GeV时，其寿命τ_X为\simeq 10^{11}-10 26}年.这种长寿命是由不存在耦合到X的低维算子（轻粒子）保证的。我们简要地讨论了最近观察到的超高能宇宙线事件的这种不稳定的X粒子的衰变的可能解释。
We provide a generic framework to obtain stable dark matter along with naturally small Dirac neutrino masses generated at the loop level. This is achieved through the spontaneous breaking of the global $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry already present in Standard Model. The $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry is broken down to a residual even $\mathcal{Z}_n$; $n \geq 4$ subgroup. The residual $\mathcal{Z}_n$ symmetry simultaneously guarantees dark matter stability and protects the Dirac nature of neutrinos. The $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry in our setup is anomaly free and can also be gauged in a straightforward way. Finally, …
Gauging Flavor Symmetries of the Standard Model: from Dark Energy to Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry from Higher Dimensions in the Early Universe
本文探讨了标准模型家族味对称性在高能和早期宇宙中的规范化，提出规范场在能标v以下获得真空期望值导致全局对称性，并结合高维D膜与反常抵消机制，为宇宙正反物质不对称性提供了解释。
The Role of Symmetries in Dark Matter Detector Design
研究暗物质探测器设计中对称性的作用，通过将暗物质 - 电子散射形状因子分解，把晶体空间群分类，应用对称性投影框架于分子晶体，得出日调制信号损失估计器，可线性估计调制信号大小，实现材料快速筛选。
Recent studies of low redshift type Ia supernovae (SNIa) indicate that half explode from less than Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs, implying ignition must proceed from something besides the canonical criticality of Chandrasekhar mass SNIa progenitors. We show that $1-100$ PeV mass asymmetric dark matter, with imminently detectable nucleon scattering interactions, can accumulate to the point of self-gravitation in a white dwarf and collapse, shedding gravitational potential energy by scattering off nuclei, thereby heating the white dwarf and igniting the flame front that precedes SNIa. We combi…
Axions were first introduced in connection with chiral symmetry but are now being looked for mainly as dark matter. In this paper we introduce a nonabelian analogue of axions which can also be potential candidates for dark matter. Their nonabelian symmetries, which are generalizations of the Peccei-Quinn symmetry, are interesting in their own right. Detailed analysis, using fermion measure and zeta function approaches shows that these symmetries are not anomalous.
In the presence of approximate global symmetries that forbid relevant interactions, strongly coupled light Dark Matter (DM) can appear weakly coupled at small energy and generate a sizable relic abundance. Fundamental principles like unitarity restrict these symmetries to a small class, where the leading interactions are captured by effective operators up to dimension-8. Chiral symmetry, spontaneously broken global symmetries and non-linearly realized supersymmetry are examples of this. Their DM candidates (composite fermions, pseudo Nambu-Goldstone Bosons and Goldstini) are interesting target…
We study a discrete flavour symmetric scenario for neutrino mass and dark matter under the circumstances where such global discrete symmetries can be explicitly broken at Planck scale, possibly by gravitational effects. Such explicit breaking of discrete symmetries mimic as Planck suppressed operators in the model which can have non-trivial consequences for neutrino and dark matter sectors. In particular, we study a flavour symmetric model which, at renormalisable level, gives rise to tri-bimaximal type neutrino mixing with vanishing reactor mixing angle $θ_{13}=0$, a stable inert scalar doubl…
We investigate the phenomenology of flavored dark matter (DM). DM stability is guaranteed by an accidental ${\mathcal Z}_3$ symmetry, a subgroup of the standard model (SM) flavor group that is not broken by the SM Yukawa interactions. We consider an explicit realization where the quark part of the SM flavor group is fully gauged. If the dominant interactions between DM and visible sector are through flavor gauge bosons, as we show for Dirac fermion flavored DM, then the DM mass is bounded between roughly $0.5$ TeV and $5$ TeV if the DM multiplet mass is split only radiatively. In general, howe…
Long Lived Superheavy Dark Matter with Discrete Gauge Symmetries
最近观测到的Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin束缚之外的超高能宇宙线可以用构成宇宙中部分暗物质的超重$X$粒子的衰变来解释。我们考虑各种离散的规范对称性PDMATHAMN，以确保所需的长寿命（$τ_X \simeq 10^{10}-10^{22} years$）的$X$粒子来解释UHE宇宙线的最小超对称标准模型（MSSM）与大量的马约拉纳中微子。我们表明，没有反常的自由离散规范对称性，使$X$粒子的寿命足够长的MSSM与$X$粒子。然而，我们发现，这个问题的可能的解决方案，特别是通过扩大MSSM中的颗粒含量。我们展示了一些解决方案，引入额外的一对单线态$Y$和$\bar{Y}$具有分数${\bf Z}_N$（N= 2，3）的费用。简要讨论了目前对$X$粒子的实验限制。
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