In this lecture we apply a thermodynamic Green function formalism developed in the context of nonrelativistic plasma physics for the case of heavy quarkonia states in strongly correlated quark matter. Besides the traditional explanation of charmonium suppresion by Debye screening of the strong interaction, we discuss further effects of relevance when heavy quarkonia states propagate in a medium where strong correlations persist in the form of hadronic resonances. These effects may be absorbed in the definition of a plasma Hamiltonian, which was the main result of this work. This plasma Hamiltonian governs the in-medium modification of the bound state energy levels as well as the lowering of the continuum edge which leads not only to the traditional Mott effect for the dissociation of bound states in a plasma, but can also be applied for a consistent calculation of the in-medium modification of quarkonium dissociation rates.
In this article, we calculate the mass shift and decay constant of isospin averaged pseudoscalar ($D^+$,$D^0$) and scalar ($D^+_0$,$D^0_0$) mesons by the magnetic field induced quark and gluon condensates at finite density and temperature of asymmetric nuclear matter. We have calculated the in-medium chiral condensates from the chiral SU(3) mean field model and subsequently used these condensates in QCD Sum Rules (QCDSR) to calculate the effective mass and decay constant of $D$ mesons. Consideration of external magnetic field effects in hot and dense nuclear matter lead to appreciable modifica…
Integrated and differential $J/ψ R_{AA}$ are systematically studied in Au-Au collisions at RHIC-BES energies in a transport approach, including cold and hot nuclear effects respectively in the initial condition and the collision terms. With decreasing energy, while the temperature, life time and size of the QGP fireball decrease, the nuclear absorption of the initially produced charmonia is more and more strong, and the nuclear shadowing effect on charmonium regeneration goes to anti-shadowing first and then to shadowing again. As a competition between the cold and hot nuclear effects, the QGP…
In the fractional nonrelativistic potential model, the decomposition of heavy quarkonium in a hot magnetized medium is investigated. The analytical solution of the fractional radial Schrodinger equation for the hot-magnetized interaction potential is displayed by using the conformable fractional Nikiforov-Uvarov method. Analytical expressions for the energy eigenvalues and the radial wave function are obtained for arbitrary quantum numbers. Next, we study the charmonium and bottmonium binding energies for different magnetic field values in the thermal medium. The effect of the fractional param…
Charmonia with different transverse momentum $p_T$ usually comes from different mechanisms in the relativistic heavy ion collisions. This work tries to review the theoretical studies on quarkonium evolutions in the deconfined medium produced in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions. The charmonia with high $p_T$ are mainly from the initial hadronic collisions, and therefore sensitive to the initial energy density of the bulk medium. For those charmonia within $0.1<p_T<5$ GeV/c at the energies of Large Hadron Collisions (LHC), They are mainly produced by the recombination of charm and anti-charm quarks in …
We calculate, for the first time, $J/ψ$ triangular flow in high energy nuclear collisions. The charmonium motion in medium is controlled by a transport equation with loss and gain terms, and the evolution of the hot medium is governed by a single-shot hydrodynamic equation with a triangularly deformed initial condition. In comparison with the elliptic flow $v_2$, the triangular flow $v_3$ comes almost completely from the charmonium regeneration in the quark gluon plasma and therefore is more sensitive to the medium properties.
We investigate the mass-shift of $P$-wave charmonium (${χ_c}_0$, ${χ_c}_1$) and $S$ and $P$-wave bottomonium ($η_b$, $Υ$, ${χ_b}_0$ and ${χ_b}_1$) states in magnetized hot asymmetric nuclear matter using the unification of QCD sum rules (QCDSR) and chiral $SU(3)$ model. Within QCDSR, we use two approaches, $i.e.$, moment sum rule and Borel sum rule. The magnetic field induced scalar gluon condensate $\left\langle \frac{α_{s}}π G^a_{μν} {G^a}^{μν} \right\rangle$ and the twist-2 gluon operator $\left\langle \frac{α_{s}}π G^a_{μσ} {{G^a}_ν}^σ \right\rangle $ calculated in chiral $SU(3$) model are…
By using conformable fractional of the Nikiforov-Uvarov (CF-NU) method, the radial Schrodinger equation is analytically solved. The energy eigenvalues and corresponding functions are obtained, in which the dependent temperature potential is employed. The effect of fraction-order parameter is studied on heavy-quarkonium masses such as charmonium and bottomonium in a hot QCD medium in the 3D and the higher dimensional space. A comparison is studied with recent works. We conclude that the fractional-order plays an important role in a hot QCD medium in the 3D and higher-dimensional space.
We study the effect of thermal charm production on charmonium regeneration in high energy nuclear collisions. By solving the kinetic equations for charm quark and charmonium distributions in Pb+Pb collisions, we calculate the global and differential nuclear modification factors $R_{AA}(N_{part})$ and $R{AA}(p_t)$ for $J/Ψ$s. Due to the thermal charm production in hot medium, the charmonium production source changes from the initially created charm quarks at SPS, RHIC and LHC to the thermally produced charm quarks at Future Circular Collider (FCC), and the $J/Ψ$ suppression ($R_{AA}<1$) observe…
A calculation of the transport coefficients of hot and dense hadronic matter based on the event generator URASiMA
利用事件发生器URASiMA（Ultra-Relativistic AA Collision Simulator based on Multiple Scattering Algorithm），在周期边界条件下计算了稠密热强子物质的物理量和输运系数。作为输运系数的最简单的例子，我们研究了稠密热强子物质的重子扩散常数的温度依赖性和化学势依赖性。
We study the charmonium dissociation in the hot medium with finite baryon chemical potential $μ_B$. Charmonium bound states are dissociated in the medium by the color screening effect and the random scatterings with thermal partons, which are included in the real and imaginary parts of the potential respectively. $J/ψ$ fraction in the $c\bar c$ pair defined to be the quantum overlap between the wave package and the wave function of $J/ψ$ eigenstate decreases with time due to the complex potentials. When $μ_B$ is large compared with the medium temperature, the Deybe mass is increased evidently.…
We study the properties of an electromagnetically interacting medium in the presence of high concentration of electrons at extremely high temperatures and chemical potentials. We show that the electromagnetic properties of a medium such as the electric permittivity, magnetic permeability, magnetic moments and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves as well as the corresponding particle processes depend on temperature and density of the medium. Electromagnetic properties of neutrinos are significantly modified due to their interactions with electrons when they propagate through such a me…
Photons, as quanta of electromagnetic fields, determine the electromagnetic properties of an extremely hot and dense medium. Considering the properties of photons in the interacting medium of charged particles, we explicitly calculate the electromagnetic properties such as the electric permittivity, magnetic permeability, refractive index and the propagation speed of electromagnetic signals in extremely hot and dense background in cosmos. Photons acquire dynamically generated mass in a medium. The screening mass of photon, Debye shielding length and the plasma frequency are calculated as funct…
Baryon Diffusion Constant in Hot and Dense Hadronic Matter Based on an Event Generator Urasima
在URASiMA（Ultra-Relativistic AA Collision Simulator based on Multiple Scattering Algorithm）中，通过施加周期性边界条件，生成了具有固定温度和化学势的平衡态统计系综。利用所产生的系综，我们研究了稠密热强子物质的核子扩散常数的温度依赖性和化学势依赖性。
Charge diffusion constant in hot and dense hadronic matter - A Hadro-molecular-dynamic calculation
利用描述能量为10 < E < 100 GeV/A的核碰撞并在低温（T < 200 MeV）下满足细致平衡的强子碰撞发生器，基于分子动力学方法计算了致密高温强子物质的电荷扩散常数.对于温度范围为100 < T < 200 MeV，重子数密度为0.16 < nB < 0.32 fm^-3的热而致密的强子物质，电荷扩散常数D随温度从0.5 fm c逐渐增大到2 fm c，并且几乎与重子数密度无关。在此基础上，对超相对论核碰撞中电荷涨落的扩散作了简单的讨论。
In this paper, quarkonium dissociation is investigated in an anisotropic plasma in the hot and dense media. For that purpose, the multidimensional Schrodinger equation is solved analytically by Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method for the real part of the potential in an anisotropic medium. The binding energy and dissociation temperature are calculated. In comparison with an isotropic medium, the binding energy of quarkonium is enhanced in the presence of an anisotropic medium. The present results show that the dissociation temperature increases with increasing anisotropic parameter for 1S state of th…
We present the first complete calculation of the soft photon self-energy to the next-to-leading order in a hot and/or dense ultrarelativistic plasma in Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). The calculation is performed within the real-time formalism utilizing dimensional regularization in $4-2ε$ dimensions, while the result is reported including explicit $O(ε)$ terms in the zero-temperature limit. This information is required to extend the perturbative calculation of the pressure of cold and dense QED matter to partial next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in a weak-coupling expansion, reported in a …
