耗散Landau-Zener跃迁的普适性
Universality in dissipative Landau-Zener transitions
摘要：
我们引入随机变量方法来研究耗散两态系统的动力学。基于一个精确的泛函积分描述，我们的方法将问题转化为量子态矢量在含随机噪声场的哈密顿量作用下的时间演化问题。这种数值精确，非微扰的形式主义是特别适合在上下文中的时间相关的哈密顿量，在零和有限的温度。作为一个重要的例子，我们认为著名的朗道-齐纳问题中存在的欧姆环境中，在有限的温度下具有较大的截止频率。我们调查的“缩放”限制的问题在中间的时间，在那里的上自旋态人口的衰减是普遍的。这样的耗散情况可以使用冷原子玻色子设置来实现。
英文摘要：
We introduce a random variable approach to investigate the dynamics of a dissipative two-state system. Based on an exact functional integral description, our method reformulates the problem as that of the time evolution of a quantum state vector subject to a Hamiltonian containing random noise fields. This numerically exact, non-perturbative formalism is particularly well suited in the context of time-dependent Hamiltonians, both at zero and finite temperature. As an important example, we consider the renowned Landau-Zener problem in the presence of an Ohmic environment with a large cutoff frequency at finite temperature. We investigate the 'scaling' limit of the problem at intermediate times, where the decay of the upper spin state population is universal. Such a dissipative situation may be implemented using a cold-atom bosonic setup.
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