MOIRCS深度巡天V：恒星质量与星系表面亮度的普适关系
MOIRCS Deep Survey V: A Universal Relation for Stellar Mass and Surface Brightness of Galaxies
摘要：
利用GOODS-North地区的深K波段选择星表，给出了0.3<z<3时星系的恒星质量与表面亮度（SB）之间的普遍线性相关关系。在rest-z坐标系中，这种相关性有一个几乎恒定的斜率，与星系的红移和颜色无关。考虑到未解决的紧凑的星系，紧密的相关性给出了一个较低的边界SB对于一个给定的恒星质量，较低的SB星系被禁止的边界。普遍斜率表明，星系中的恒星质量是以与星系质量无关的类似方式在其宇宙历史中积累的，而不是大质量星系主要通过主要合并来积累恒星质量的情况。相比之下，对于给定的恒星质量，SB显示出对红移的强烈依赖。它以（1+z）^（-2.0~-0.8）的形式演化，除了由于宇宙膨胀效应而变暗为（1+z）^4。亮度取决于星系的颜色和恒星的质量。蓝色星族（静止坐标系U-V<0）主要由年轻星系和恒星形成星系组成，在静止坐标系V带演化为~（1+z）^（-0.8 +-0.3）。另一方面，红星族（U-V>0）和大质量星系（M_*>10^（10）M_sun）的亮度较强，为（1+z）^（-1.5+-0.1）。在与星系演化模型比较的基础上，我们发现星系的纯光度演化能很好地解释这一现象。
英文摘要：
We present a universal linear correlation between the stellar mass and surface brightness (SB) of galaxies at 0.3<z<3, using a deep K-band selected catalog in the GOODS-North region. The correlation has a nearly constant slope, independent of redshift and color of galaxies in the rest-z frame. Considering unresolved compact galaxies, the tight correlation gives a lower boundary of SB for a given stellar mass; lower SB galaxies are prohibited over the boundary. The universal slope suggests that the stellar mass in galaxies was build up over their cosmic histories in a similar manner irrelevant to galaxy mass, as oppose to the scenario that massive galaxies mainly accumulated their stellar mass by major merging. In contrast, SB shows a strong dependence on redshift for a given stellar mass. It evolves as (1+z)^(-2.0~-0.8), in addition to dimming as (1+z)^4 by the cosmological expansion effect. The brightening depends on galaxy color and stellar mass. The blue population (rest-frame U-V<0), which is dominated by young and star-forming galaxies, evolves as ~(1+z)^(-0.8 +-0.3) in the rest-V band. On the other hand, the red population (U-V>0) and the massive galaxies (M_*>10^(10)M_sun) shows stronger brightening, (1+z)^(-1.5+-0.1). Based on the comparison with galaxy evolution models, we find that the phenomena are well explained by the pure luminosity evolution of galaxies out to z~3.
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