局域化与量子力学、量子场论和量子引力之间的接口I（两种对立的局域化及其渐近相容性）
Localization and the interface between quantum mechanics, quantum field theory and quantum gravity I (The two antagonistic localizations and their asymptotic compatibility)
摘要：
结果表明，有显着的概念之间的差异QM和QFT，这使得它很难被视为只是一个相对论的QM原则的延伸。在这一点的根源是一个基本的区别玻恩本地化在QM（在相对论的背景下改变其名称为牛顿-维格纳本地化）和模块本地化，这是本地化的基础QFT，在一个分离后，从它的标准表示的字段坐标。第一个是一个概率的概念和投影算子，而后者描述因果传播QFT和导致热方面的局部减少有限的能量状态。量子场论中的Born-Newton-Wigner定域仅在渐近情况下适用，而渐近内、外定域投影之间的协变相关性是存在不变散射矩阵的基础。在这篇由两部分组成的论文的第一部分中，模块本地化（场本地化的内在内容）及其哲学后果占据了中心舞台。真空极化的重要物理后果将是第二部分的主题。这两个部分一起形成了一个相当全面的介绍，介绍了这两个对立的定域概念的已知结果，包括它在弦论中的误解。
英文摘要：
It is shown that there are significant conceptual differences between QM and QFT which make it difficult to view the latter as just a relativistic extension of the principles of QM. At the root of this is a fundamental distiction between Born-localization in QM (which in the relativistic context changes its name to Newton-Wigner localization) and modular localization which is the localization underlying QFT, after one separates it from its standard presentation in terms of field coordinates. The first comes with a probability notion and projection operators, whereas the latter describes causal propagation in QFT and leads to thermal aspects of locally reduced finite energy states. The Born-Newton-Wigner localization in QFT is only applicable asymptotically and the covariant correlation between asymptotic in and out localization projectors is the basis of the existence of an invariant scattering matrix. In this first part of a two part essay the modular localization (the intrinsic content of field localization) and its philosophical consequences take the center stage. Important physical consequences of vacuum polarization will be the main topic of part II. Both parts together form a rather comprehensive presentation of known consequences of the two antagonistic localization concepts, including the those of its misunderstandings in string theory.
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