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arXiv 0911.2685cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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PbTe -、SnTe -和GeTe-based块状热电体中的杂质聚集和杂质诱导带

Impurity clustering and impurity-induced bands in PbTe-, SnTe-, and GeTe-based bulk thermoelectrics

Khang Hoang, S. D. Mahanti, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis

摘要:

基于PbTe、SnTe和GeTe的复杂多组分体系在红外器件和高温热电应用中具有重要意义。深入了解这些材料的原子和电子结构对于解释、预测和优化其性能以及提出性能更好的新材料至关重要。在这项工作中,我们提出了我们的第一原理研究的能带与各种单价(钠,钾,银)和三价(锑和铋)杂质和杂质团簇在PbTe,SnTe,和GeTe使用超晶胞模型。我们发现,一价和三价杂质原子倾向于接近彼此,并形成富含杂质的集群,和主机材料的电子结构强烈扰动的杂质。存在与三价杂质相关的杂质诱导带,其从导带底部分裂,并向价带顶部大位移。这是由于三价杂质阳离子和二价阴离子的$p$状态之间的相互作用,其倾向于驱动系统朝向金属性。单价杂质的引入(在存在三价杂质的情况下)显著降低(在PbTe和GeTe中)或略微增强(在SnTe中)三价杂质的影响。因此,可以通过选择杂质的类型及其浓度或调节单价/三价比率来定制带隙和带隙附近的能带结构(因此传输特性)。基于计算的能带结构,我们能够定性地解释整个类的PbTe,SnTe的,和GeTe基体热电材料的测量输运性质。

英文摘要:

Complex multicomponent systems based on PbTe, SnTe, and GeTe are of great interest for infrared devices and high-temperature thermoelectric applications. A deeper understanding of the atomic and electronic structure of these materials is crucial for explaining, predicting, and optimizing their properties, and to suggest new materials for better performance. In this work, we present our first-principles studies of the energy bands associated with various monovalent (Na, K, and Ag) and trivalent (Sb and Bi) impurities and impurity clusters in PbTe, SnTe, and GeTe using supercell models. We find that monovalent and trivalent impurity atoms tend to come close to one another and form impurity-rich clusters, and the electronic structure of the host materials is strongly perturbed by the impurities. There are impurity-induced bands associated with the trivalent impurities that split off from the conduction-band bottom with large shifts towards the valence-band top. This is due to the interaction between the $p$ states of the trivalent impurity cation and the divalent anion which tends to drive the systems towards metallicity. The introduction of monovalent impurities (in the presence of trivalent impurities) significantly reduces (in PbTe and GeTe) or slightly enhances (in SnTe) the effect of the trivalent impurities. One, therefore, can tailor the band gap and band structure near the band gap (hence transport properties) by choosing the type of impurity and its concentration or tuning the monovalent/trivalent ratio. Based on the calculated band structures, we are able to explain qualitatively the measured transport properties of the whole class of PbTe-, SnTe-, and GeTe-based bulk thermoelectrics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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