arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0910.5167hep-th
收藏

粒子物理学家眼中的引力

Gravity from a Particle Physicists' perspective

R. Percacci

摘要:

在这些讲座中,我从规范原理和重整化的角度回顾了引力的地位,这是理论粒子物理工具箱中的主要工具。在第一讲中,我从一个老问题开始:“在什么意义上,引力是一个规范理论?”“我将在一个一般的运动学环境中重新表述引力理论,其中强调了两个戈德斯通玻色子类场的存在,以及引力希格斯现象的发生。在广义相对论中,这种联系是一个导出量,这一事实似乎是希格斯现象的低能结果。从这里很容易看出如何将局部标架变换群和杨米尔斯群嵌入到一个更大的统一群中,以及这些群之间的区别和相应的相互作用如何从序参量的VEV导出。我将较为详细地描述具有SO(3,1)xSO(10)\subset SO(3,11)的现实“引力大统一体”的费米扇区。在第二讲中,我将讨论引力的重整化群流有一个不动点的可能性,该不动点具有有限个吸引方向。这将使理论在紫外线下表现良好,并具有预测性,尽管它是微扰不可重整化的。到目前为止,有大量证据表明情况可能是这样。因此,我们有理由相信,量子场论最终可能足以解释引力的奥秘。

英文摘要:

In these lectures I review the status of gravity from the point of view of the gauge principle and renormalization, the main tools in the toolbox of theoretical particle physics. In the first lecture I start from the old question "in what sense is gravity a gauge theory?" I will reformulate the theory of gravity in a general kinematical setting which highlights the presence of two Goldstone boson-like fields, and the occurrence of a gravitational Higgs phenomenon. The fact that in General Relativity the connection is a derived quantity appears to be a low energy consequence of this Higgs phenomenon. From here it is simple to see how to embed the group of local frame transformations and a Yang Mills group into a larger unifying group, and how the distinction between these groups, and the corresponding interactions, derives from the VEV of an order parameter. I will describe in some detail the fermionic sector of a realistic "GraviGUT" with SO(3,1)xSO(10) \subset SO(3,11). In the second lecture I will discuss the possibility that the renormalization group flow of gravity has a fixed point with a finite number of attractive directions. This would make the theory well behaved in the ultraviolet, and predictive, in spite of being perturbatively nonrenormalizable. There is by now a significant amount of evidence that this may be the case. There are thus reasons to believe that quantum field theory may eventually prove sufficient to explain the mysteries of gravity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑