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arXiv 0910.4102astro-ph.CO
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室女星系团早型星系的VLA射电巡天

A VLA radio-survey of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster

Alessandro Capetti, Preeti Kharb, David J. Axon, David Merritt, Ranieri D. Baldi

摘要:

我们提出了一个8.4 GHz的甚大阵射电调查的早期型星系提取的ACS室女星系团调查的结果。本次巡天的目的是研究早期星系射电辐射的起源及其与未探索区域中的宿主属性之间的联系,这些区域朝向射电和光学光度的最低水平。所有63个BT <14.4的星系的射电图像显示,在12个物体中存在紧凑的射电源,通量从0.13到2700 mJy。剩下的51个星系,在~0.1 mJy的通量极限下未被探测到,其射电光度L <4 10E18 W/Hz。射电探测到的星系比例是恒星质量的强函数,与以前的结果一致:30个恒星质量M(恒星)<1.7 10E10 M(太阳)的星系中没有一个被探测到,而11个最大质量的星系中有8个有射电核心。恒星核的存在与射电辐射之间似乎没有简单的关系。多波长分析的活动星系核(AGN)的发射,结合无线电和X射线数据,证实了光学表面亮度轮廓和无线电响度之间的联系,在这个意义上说,明亮的核心星系与无线电响亮的AGN,而非核心星系主机无线电安静的AGN。并非所有被无线电探测到的星系都有X射线核对应物(反之亦然)。因此,对活动星系核(以及超大质量黑洞,SMBH)的完整普查至少需要在两个波段上进行观测。尽管如此,样本中仍有大质量星系,预计将拥有一个大的SMBH(M(BH)~10E8 M(太阳)),其核发射无法检测到,尽管它们距离很近,而且现有观测的深度和空间分辨率都很高。最有可能的是,这是由于一个非常低的水平吸积中央SMBH。

英文摘要:

We present the results of a 8.4 GHz Very Large Array radio survey of early-type galaxies extracted from the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. The aim of this survey is to investigate the origin of radio emission in early-type galaxies and its link with the host properties in an unexplored territory toward the lowest levels of both radio and optical luminosities. Radio images, available for all 63 galaxies with BT < 14.4, show the presence of a compact radio source in 12 objects, with fluxes spanning from 0.13 to 2700 mJy. The remaining 51 galaxies, undetected at a flux limit of ~0.1 mJy, have radio luminosities L < 4 10E18 W/Hz . The fraction of radio-detected galaxies are a strong function of stellar mass, in agreement with previous results: none of the 30 galaxies with stellar mass M(star) < 1.7 10E10 M(sun) is detected, while 8 of the 11 most massive galaxies have radio cores. There appears to be no simple relation between the presence of a stellar nucleus and radio emission. A multiwavelength analysis of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission, combining radio and X-ray data, confirms the link between optical surface brightness profile and radio loudness in the sense that the bright core galaxies are associated with radio-loud AGNs, while non-core galaxies host radio-quiet AGNs. Not all radio-detected galaxies have a X-ray nuclear counter part (and vice-versa). A complete census of AGNs (and supermassive black holes, SMBHs) thus requires observations, at least, in both bands. Nonetheless, there are massive galaxies in the sample, expected to host a large SMBH (M(BH) ~ 10E8 M(sun)), whose nuclear emission eludes detection despite their proximity and the depth and the spatial resolution of the available observations. Most likely this is due to an extremely low level of accretion onto the central SMBH.

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