利用中微子物质振荡图获取超新星方向信息
Obtaining supernova directional information using the neutrino matter oscillation pattern
摘要：
附近的核心坍缩超新星将在世界各地的几个探测器中产生中微子爆发。在相当高的概率下，地球将在一个或多个探测器中遮蔽中微子通量。在这种情况下，对于允许的振荡参数方案，观测到的中微子能谱将带有地球物质振荡的特征。由于能量振荡的频率取决于中微子在地球上传播的路径长度，因此观测到的光谱也包含了有关超新星方向的信息。在这里，我们探讨约束超新星位置的可能性，使用在探测器中观察到的物质振荡模式。需要良好的能量分辨率（闪烁体探测器的典型特征）、熟知的振荡参数和乐观的大（但可以想象的）统计量。通过这种方法的指向可以使用位于全球各地的多个探测器显着改善。虽然它不能与基于中微子-电子弹性散射的水切伦科夫探测器指向相竞争，但该技术仍然是有用的。
英文摘要：
A nearby core collapse supernova will produce a burst of neutrinos in several detectors worldwide. With reasonably high probability, the Earth will shadow the neutrino flux in one or more detectors. In such a case, for allowed oscillation parameter scenarios, the observed neutrino energy spectrum will bear the signature of oscillations in Earth matter. Because the frequency of the oscillations in energy depends on the pathlength traveled by the neutrinos in the Earth, an observed spectrum contains also information about the direction to the supernova. We explore here the possibility of constraining the supernova location using matter oscillation patterns observed in a detector. Good energy resolution (typical of scintillator detectors), well known oscillation parameters, and optimistically large (but conceivable) statistics are required. Pointing by this method can be significantly improved using multiple detectors located around the globe. Although it is not competitive with neutrino-electron elastic scattering-based pointing with water Cherenkov detectors, the technique could still be useful.
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