We report on the first high frequency VLBI observations of the nearby broad absorption line quasar (BALQSO), Mrk 231. Three epochs of observations were achieved at 15 GHz and 22 GHz, two of these included 43 GHz observations as well. The nuclear radio source is resolved as a compact double. The core component experienced a strong flare in which the flux density at 22 GHz increased by $> 150%$ (45 mJy) in three months. Theoretical models of the flare imply that the emission is likely enhanced by very strong Doppler boosting of a highly relativistic ejecta with a kinetic energy flux, $Q \sim 3 \times 10^{43} \mathrm{ergs/sec}$. Combining our data with two previous epochs of 15 GHz data, shows marginal evidence for the slow advance of the secondary component (located $\approx 0.97$ pc from the core) over a 9.4 year span. We estimate that the long term time averaged kinetic energy flux of the secondary at $\bar{Q}\approx 10^{42}\mathrm{ergs/sec}$. Low frequency VLBA observations indicate that the secondary is seen through a shroud of free-free absorbing gas with an emission measure of $\approx 10^{8} \mathrm{cm}^{-6}\mathrm{pc}$. The steep spectrum secondary component appears to be a compact radio lobe that is associated with a working surface between the ram-pressure confined jet, and a dense medium that is likely to be the source of the free-free absorption. The properties of the dense gas are consistent with the temperatures, displacement from the nucleus and the column density of total hydrogen commonly associated with the BAL wind.
The Jets of TeV Blazars at Higher Resolution: 43 GHz and Polarimetric VLBA Observations from 2005-2009
我们提出了23个新的VLBA图像的六个建立TeV耀变体Markarian 421,Markarian 501,H 1426+428,1 ES 1959+650,PKS 2155-304,和1 ES 2344+514,从2005年至2009年获得。大多数图像是在43 GHz下获得的,它们揭示了其中三个源(1 ES 1959+650,PKS 2155-304和1 ES 2344+514)的秒差距尺度结构,分辨率比以前高出两到三倍。剩余的大多数图像映射了22 GHz的较低频率下的线性偏振结构。我们讨论的横向结构的射流所揭示的高频和偏振成像。Mrk 421的横向结构包括显著的边缘增亮,Mrk 421、Mrk 501和1 ES 1959+650的电矢量位置角(EVPA)和分数极化分布中的脊鞘结构。我们使用新的测量组件的位置来更新测量的表观射流速度,在许多情况下,显着减少统计误差比以前公布的结果。随着在43 GHz的分辨率的提高,我们在大多数这些源的核心内检测到0.1-0.2质量的新组件。在我们观测的时间跨度内,这些新的组成部分没有明显的运动,我们将核心附近的组成部分的视速度上限设定为小于2c。从这些限制,我们得出结论,在大约10^5史瓦西半径处,伽马2 <伽马1 ^{1/2},其中伽马1和伽马2分别是TeV发射区和43 GHz发射区的体洛伦兹因子,假设它们的速度矢量是对齐的。
GEMINI 3D spectroscopy of BAL+IR+Fe II QSOs: II. IRAS 04505-2958 an explosive QSO with hypershell and a new scenario for galaxy formation and galaxy end
从BAL + IR + Fe II类星体的研究(使用深双子座GMOS-IFU光谱)的新结果:红外天文台04505-2958。具体来说,我们详细研究了外流(OF)过程及其相关结构,主要是在两个大星系尺度:(i)两个斑点/壳(S1,S2)在半径r = 1.1和2.2 kpc的;(ii)外部超巨星壳(S3)在r = 11 kpc。此外,还讨论了在r = 80 kpc时两个非常扩展的超巨星壳层(S4,S5)的存在.从GMOS研究中获得了以下主要结果:(i)对于外部超巨星壳层S3,电离气体的运动学GMOS图显示出与在NGC 5514中观察到的爆炸外部超巨星壳层原型非常相似的特征。(ii)这个超巨星壳层S3-的主要节点K1、K2和K3 -显示了与星暴+ OF/激波存在相关的恒星星族和发射线比率。(iii)内壳层S1和S2的结构、OF成分和性质与Mrk 231核壳层中检测到的非常相似。(iv)壳层S1+S2和S3在PA = 131处对齐:即表明OF过程处于具有双极结构的吹出阶段。此外,壳体S4和S5(80-100 kpc尺度)在PA = 40时对齐,即:垂直于内部OF的双极OF。最后讨论了BAL + IR + Fe II类星体中与HyNe有关的UHE宇宙射线和中微子/暗物质的产生。
High-frequency very long baseline interferometry studies of NRAO 530
NRAO 530是一个光变暴源,已被多历元多频高分辨率VLBI观测研究。2007年5月,在银河系中心(Sgr A*)的观测期间,用VLBA在三个频率(22、43和86 GHz)上连续10天监测NRAO 530。此外,档案数据的NRAO 530在15 GHz的过去十年的分析,使我们能够研究其详细的射流运动学。我们确定了紧凑的组件位于南端的喷气机作为VLBI核心,与以前的研究一致。在3个高频率的10维监测数据显示,产生高质量和自洽的组件位置的测量,从我们第一次检测到一个二维的频率相关的位置偏移。此外,重复的测量也使我们能够研究NRAO 530的日间通量密度和结构变化。我们发现,它是更可变的内部射流组件比那些更远。我们获得了八个喷流分量的表观速度,整个内部喷流(分量d和e)的$β_{\rm app} ranging from 2 to 26 c. Accordingly, we estimated physical jet parameters with the minimum Lorentz factor of 14 and Doppler factors in the range of 14--28 (component f). The changes in the morphology of NRAO 530 were related to the motion of separa…