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arXiv 1009.2269astro-ph.CO
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高分辨率TeV Blazar喷流:43 GHz和偏振VLBA 2005-2009年观测

The Jets of TeV Blazars at Higher Resolution: 43 GHz and Polarimetric VLBA Observations from 2005-2009

B. Glenn Piner, Niraj Pant, Philip G. Edwards

摘要:

我们提出了23个新的VLBA图像的六个建立TeV耀变体Markarian 421,Markarian 501,H 1426+428,1 ES 1959+650,PKS 2155-304,和1 ES 2344+514,从2005年至2009年获得。大多数图像是在43 GHz下获得的,它们揭示了其中三个源(1 ES 1959+650,PKS 2155-304和1 ES 2344+514)的秒差距尺度结构,分辨率比以前高出两到三倍。剩余的大多数图像映射了22 GHz的较低频率下的线性偏振结构。我们讨论的横向结构的射流所揭示的高频和偏振成像。Mrk 421的横向结构包括显著的边缘增亮,Mrk 421、Mrk 501和1 ES 1959+650的电矢量位置角(EVPA)和分数极化分布中的脊鞘结构。我们使用新的测量组件的位置来更新测量的表观射流速度,在许多情况下,显着减少统计误差比以前公布的结果。随着在43 GHz的分辨率的提高,我们在大多数这些源的核心内检测到0.1-0.2质量的新组件。在我们观测的时间跨度内,这些新的组成部分没有明显的运动,我们将核心附近的组成部分的视速度上限设定为小于2c。从这些限制,我们得出结论,在大约10^5史瓦西半径处,伽马2 <伽马1 ^{1/2},其中伽马1和伽马2分别是TeV发射区和43 GHz发射区的体洛伦兹因子,假设它们的速度矢量是对齐的。

英文摘要:

We present 23 new VLBA images of the six established TeV blazars Markarian 421, Markarian 501, H 1426+428, 1ES 1959+650, PKS 2155-304, and 1ES 2344+514, obtained from 2005 to 2009. Most images were obtained at 43 GHz, and they reveal the parsec-scale structures of three of these sources (1ES 1959+650, PKS 2155-304, and 1ES 2344+514) at factors of two to three higher resolution than has previously been attained. Most of the remaining images map the linear polarization structures at a lower frequency of 22 GHz. We discuss the transverse structures of the jets as revealed by the high-frequency and polarimetric imaging. The transverse structures include significant limb-brightening in Mrk 421, and spine-sheath structures in the electric vector position angle (EVPA) and fractional polarization distributions in Mrk 421, Mrk 501, and 1ES 1959+650. We use new measured component positions to update measured apparent jet speeds, in many cases significantly reducing the statistical error over previously published results. With the increased resolution at 43 GHz, we detect new components within 0.1-0.2 mas of the core in most of these sources. No motion is apparent in these new components over the time span of our observations, and we place upper limits on the apparent speeds of the components near the core of less than 2c. From those limits, we conclude that Gamma2 < Gamma1^{1/2} at about 10^5 Schwarzschild radii, where Gamma1 and Gamma2 are the bulk Lorentz factors in the TeV-emitting and 43 GHz-emitting regions, respectively, assuming that their velocity vectors are aligned.

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