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arXiv 0909.4413gr-qchep-th
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相对论欧拉三体问题、光学几何和黄金分割比

Relativistic Euler's 3-body problem, optical geometry and the golden ratio

Flavio S. Coelho, Carlos A. R. Herdeiro

摘要:

考虑了一个描述两个史瓦西黑洞的外尔解。我们主要讨论了具有ADM质量M_{ADM} =2M_K的Z_2不变解,其中M_K是每个黑洞的Komar质量.对于这个解,离散对称的不动点集是一个全测地子流形。研究了该子流形中圆形光子轨道的存在性及其半径随两个黑洞之间距离2 L的变化。当L> 0时,有两个这样的轨道,对应于史瓦西坐标中的r=3 M_{ADM}和r=2 M_{ADM}。当M_K=φL(φ为黄金分割比)时,随着距离的增加,两个光子轨道相互靠近并合并。超过这个距离,就不存在圆形的光子轨道。这两个零轨道界定了类时圆轨道的禁带,这是解释的光学几何。对于大的L,类时圆轨道在任何地方都是允许的,就像在类似的牛顿问题中一样。通过考虑具有N个黑洞阵列的Z_2不变Weyl解以及将Weyl解连接到Majumdar-Papapetrou时空的黑洞的充电,分析被推广。

英文摘要:

A Weyl solution describing two Schwarzschild black holes is considered. We focus on the Z_2 invariant solution, with ADM mass M_{ADM}=2M_K, where M_K is the Komar mass of each black hole. For this solution the set of fixed points of the discrete symmetry is a totally geodesic sub-manifold. The existence and radii of circular photon orbits in this sub-manifold are studied, as functions of the distance 2L between the two black holes. For L-> 0 there are two such orbits, corresponding to r=3M_{ADM} and r=2M_{ADM} in Schwarzschild coordinates. As the distance increases, it is shown that the two photon orbits approach one another and merge when M_K=φL, where φis the golden ratio. Beyond this distance there exist no circular photon orbits. The two null orbits delimit a forbidden band for time-like circular orbits, which is interpreted in terms of optical geometry. For large L, time-like circular orbits are allowed everywhere, as in the analogous Newtonian problem. The analysis is generalised by considering a Z_2 invariant Weyl solution with an array of N black holes and also by charging the black holes, which connects the Weyl solution to a Majumdar-Papapetrou spacetime.

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