While small deformations of Kähler manifolds are Kähler too, we prove that the cohomological property to be $\mathcal{C}^\infty$-pure-and-full is not a stable condition under small deformations. This property, that has been recently introduced and studied by T.-J. Li and W. Zhang in [Comparing tamed and compatible symplectic cones and cohomological properties of almost complex manifolds, Comm. Anal. Geom.] and T. Drǎghici, T.-J. Li, and W. Zhang in [Symplectic forms and cohomology decomposition of almost complex four-manifolds, Int. Math. Res. Not.], [On the J-anti-invariant cohomology of almost complex 4-manifolds, to appear in Q. J. Math.], is weaker than the Kähler one and characterizes the almost-complex structures that induce a decomposition in cohomology. We also study the stability of this property along curves of almost-complex structures constructed starting from the harmonic representatives in special cohomology classes.
We study the J-invariant and J-anti-invariant cohomological subgroups of the de Rham cohomology of a compact manifold M endowed with an almost-Kähler structure (J, ω, g). In particular, almost-Kähler manifolds satisfying a Lefschetz type property, and solvmanifolds endowed with left-invariant almost-complex structures are investigated.
We study a special type of almost complex structures, called pure and full and introduced by T.J. Li and W. Zhang, in relation to symplectic structures and Hard Lefschetz condition. We provide sufficient conditions to the existence of the above type of almost complex structures on compact quotients of Lie groups by discrete subgroups. We obtain families of pure and full almost complex structures on compact nilmanifolds and solvmanifolds. Some of these families are parametrized by real 2-forms which are anti-invariant with respect to the almost complex structures.
We introduce a new cohomology for Lie algebroids, and prove that it provides a differential graded Lie algebra which ``controls'' deformations of the structure bracket of the algebroid. We also have a closer look at various special cases such as Lie algebras, Poisson manifolds, foliations, Lie algebra actions on manifolds.
We introduce certain homology and cohomology subgroups for any almost complex structure and study their pureness, fullness and duality properties. Motivated by a question of Donaldson, we use these groups to relate J-tamed symplectic cones and J-compatible symplectic cones over a large class of almost complex manifolds, including all Kahler manifolds, almost Kahler 4-manifolds and complex surfaces.
In this paper we will introduce a new notion of geometric structures defined by systems of closed differential forms in term of the Clifford algebra of the direct sum of the tangent bundle and the cotangent bundle on a manifold. We develop a unified approach of a deformation problem and establish a criterion of unobstructed deformations of the structures from a cohomological point of view. We construct the moduli spaces of the structures by using the action of b-fields and show that the period map of the moduli space is locally injective under a cohomological condition (the local Torelli type …
We study almost complex structures with lower bounds on the rank of the Nijenhuis tensor. Namely, we show that they satisfy an $h$-principle. As a consequence, all parallelizable manifolds and all manifolds of dimension $2n\geq 10$ (respectively $\geq 6$) admit a almost complex structure whose Nijenhuis tensor has maximal rank everywhere (resp. is nowhere trivial). For closed $4$-manifolds, the existence of such structures is characterized in terms of topological invariants. Moreover, we show that the Dolbeault cohomology of non-integrable almost complex structures is often infinite dimensiona…
Following T.-J. Li, W. Zhang [Comparing tamed and compatible symplectic cones and cohomological properties of almost complex manifolds, Comm. Anal. Geom.], we continue to study the link between the cohomology of an almost-complex manifold and its almost-complex structure. In particular, we apply the same argument in [T.-J. Li, W. Zhang, Comparing tamed and compatible symplectic cones and cohomological properties of almost complex manifolds, Comm. Anal. Geom.] and the results obtained by D. Sullivan in [Cycles for the dynamical study of foliated manifolds and complex manifolds, Invent. Math.] t…
We revisit the duality between five-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories and deformations of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory from a new perspective. We give a unified treatment of supersymmetric gauge theories in three and five dimensions using cohomological localization techniques and the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. We survey various known results in a unified framework and provide simplified derivations of localization formulas, as well as various extensions including the case of irregular Seifert fibrations. We describe the reductions to four-dimensional gauge theories, and give an …
We consider several differential operators on compact almost-complex, almost-Hermitian and almost-Kähler manifolds. We discuss Hodge Theory for these operators and a possible cohomological interpretation. We compare the associated spaces of harmonic forms and cohomologies with the classical de Rham, Dolbeault, Bott-Chern and Aeppli cohomologies.
In this article we develop a new approach to the problem of the stability of locally conformally Kähler structures (l.c.k structures) under small deformations of complex structures and deformations of flat line bundles. We show that under the certain cohomological condition the stability of l.c.k structures does hold. We apply our approach to Hopf manifolds and its generalizations to obtain the stability of l.c.k structures which do not have potential in general. We give an explicit description of the cohomological obstructions of the stability of l.c.k structures on Inoue surfaces with $b_2=0…
This work is a continuation of our previous paper arXiv:1812.06473 where we have constructed ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on 4D manifolds with a Killing vector field with isolated fixed points. In this work we expand on the mathematical aspects of the theory, with a particular focus on its nature as a cohomological field theory. The well-known Donaldson-Witten theory is a twisted version of ${\cal N}=2$ SYM and can also be constructed using the Atiyah-Jeffrey construction. This theory is concerned with the moduli space of anti-self-dual gauge connections, with a deformation th…
In this thesis, we study cohomological properties of non-Kähler manifolds. In particular, we are concerned in investigating the cohomology of compact (almost-)complex manifolds, and of manifolds endowed with special structures, e.g., symplectic structures, D-complex structures in the sense of F. R. Harvey and H. B. Lawson, exhaustion functions satisfying positivity conditions.
Given a path of almost-Kähler metrics compatible with a fixed symplectic form on a compact 4-manifold such that at time zero the almost-Kähler metric is an extremal Kähler one, we prove, for a short time and under a certain hypothesis, the existence of a smooth family of extremal almost-Kähler metrics compatible with the same symplectic form, such that at each time the induced almost-complex structure is diffeomorphic to the one induced by the path.
On a 4-dimensional compact symplectic manifold, we consider a smooth family of compatible almost-complex structures such that at time zero the induced metric is Hermite-Einstein almost-Kähler metric with zero or negative Hermitian scalar curvature. We prove, under certain hypothesis, the existence of a smooth family of compatible almost-complex structures, diffeomorphic at each time to the initial family, and inducing constant Hermitian scalar curvature metrics.
Non-split almost complex supermanifolds and non-split Riemannian supermanifolds are studied. The first obstacle for a splitting is parametrized by group orbits on an infinite dimensional vector space. Further it is shown that non-split structures appear in the first case as deformations of a split reduction and in the second case as the deformation of an underlying metric. In contrast to non-split deformations of complex supermanifolds, these deformations can be restricted by cut-off functions to local deformations. A class of examples of nowhere split structures constructed from almost comple…
We construct a family of $(2,n)$-almost Grassmannian structures of regularity $C^1$, each admitting a one-parameter group of strongly essential automorphisms, and each not flat on any neighborhood of the higher-order fixed point. This shows that Theorem 1.3 of [9] does not hold assuming only $C^1$ regularity of the structure (see also [2, Prop 3.5]).
We construct some families of complex structures on compact manifolds by means of normal almost contact structures (nacs) so that each complex manifold in the family has a non-singular holomorphic flow. These families include as particular cases the Hopf and Calabi-Eckmann manifolds and the complex structures on the product of two normal almost contact manifolds constructed by Morimoto. We prove that every compact Kaehler manifold admitting a non-vanishing holomorphic vector field belongs to one of these families and is a complexificacion of a normal almost contact manifold. Finally we show th…
For a closed smooth manifold $M$ admitting a symplectic structure, we define a smooth topological invariant $Z(M)$ using almost-Kähler metrics, i.e. Riemannian metrics compatible with symplectic structures. We also introduce $Z(M, [[ω]])$ depending on symplectic deformation equivalence class $[[ω]]$. We first prove that there exists a 6-dimensional smooth manifold $M$ with more than one deformation equivalence classes with different signs of $Z(M, [[ω]] )$. Using $Z$ invariants, we set up a Kazdan-Warner type problem of classifying symplectic manifolds into three categories. We finally prove t…
We study $\mathcal D$-homothetic deformations of almost $α$-Kenmotsu structures. We characterize almost contact metric manifolds which are $CR$-integrable almost $α$-Kenmotsu manifolds, through the existence of a canonical linear connection, invariant under $\mathcal D$-homothetic deformations. If the canonical connection associated to the structure $(φ,ξ,η,g)$ has parallel torsion and curvature, then the local geometry is completely determined by the dimension of the manifold and the spectrum of the operator $h'$ defined by $2αh'=({\mathcal L}_ξφ)\circφ$. In particular, the manifold is locall…
In order to look for a well-behaved counterpart to Dolbeault cohomology in D-complex geometry, we study the de Rham cohomology of an almost D-complex manifold and its subgroups made up of the classes admitting invariant, respectively anti-invariant, representatives with respect to the almost D-complex structure, miming the theory introduced by T.-J. Li and W. Zhang in [T.-J. Li, W. Zhang, Comparing tamed and compatible symplectic cones and cohomological properties of almost complex manifolds, Comm. Anal. Geom. 17 (2009), no. 4, 651-684] for almost complex manifolds. In particular, we prove tha…
We prove that the Schweitzer complex is elliptic and its cohomologies define cohomological functors. As applications, we obtain finite dimensionality, a version of Serre duality, restrictions of the behaviour of cohomology in small deformations, and an index formula which turns out to be equivalent to the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch relations.
We use a natural affine connection with nontrivial torsion on an arbitrary almost-Kaehler manifold which respects the almost-Kaehler structure to construct a Fedosov-type deformation quantization on this manifold.
For a $2n+1$-dimensional compact Sasakian manifold, if $n\ge 2$, we prove that the analytic germ of the variety of representations of the fundamental group at every semi-simple representation is quadratic. To prove this result, we prove the almost-formality of de Rham complex of a Sasakian manifold with values in a semi-simple flat vector bundle. By the almost-formality, we also prove the vanishing theorem on the cup product of the cohomology of semi-simple flat vector bundles over a compact Sasakian manifold.
In the context of the cohomological deformation theory, infinitesimal description of one-parametric families of Backlund transformations of special type including classical examples is given. It is shown that any family of such a kind evolves in the direction of a nonlocal symmetry shadow.
Frobenius manifold structures on the spaces of abelian integrals were constructed by I. Krichever. We use D-modules, deformation theory, and homological algebra to give a coordinate-free description of these structures. It turns out that the tangent sheaf multiplication has a cohomological origin, while the Levi-Civita connection is related to 1-dimensional isomonodromic deformations.
Let $X$ be a complex manifold and $S\hookrightarrow X$ be an embedding of complex submanifold. Assuming that the embedding is $(k-1)$-linearizable or $(k-1)$-comfortably embedded, we construct via the deformation to the normal cone a diffeomorphism $F$ from a small neighborhood of the zero section in the normal bundle $N_{S}$ to a small neighborhood of $S$ in $X$ such that $F$ is in a precise sense holomorphic to the $(k-1)$-th order. Using this $F$ we obtain optimal estimates on asymptotical rates for asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau metrics constructed by Tian-Yau. Furthermore, when $S$ is …
