拓扑声子模及其在微管动力学不稳定性中的作用
Topological phonon modes and their role in dynamic instability of microtubules
摘要：
微管（MT）是一种自组装的中空蛋白质管，在活细胞中发挥着重要的功能。它们的基本组成部分是一种叫做微管蛋白的蛋白质，它可以在一个微粒状的二维晶格中自我组装。我们研究这种晶格的振动模式，并找到狄拉克点的声子谱。我们讨论了分裂的狄拉克点，导致声子带与非零陈数，信号存在的拓扑振动模式本地化在MT的边缘，我们确实观察到明确的计算后。由于这些模式对MT动态周期中边缘发生的大变化具有鲁棒性，因此我们可以构建一个简单的力学模型来说明它们如何参与这种现象。
英文摘要：
Microtubules (MTs) are self-assembled hollow protein tubes playing important functions in live cells. Their building block is a protein called tubulin, which self-assembles in a particulate 2 dimensional lattice. We study the vibrational modes of this lattice and find Dirac points in the phonon spectrum. We discuss a splitting of the Dirac points that leads to phonon bands with nonzero Chern numbers, signaling the existence of topological vibrational modes localized at MTs edges, which we indeed observe after explicit calculations. Since these modes are robust against the large changes occurring at the edges during the dynamic cycle of the MTs, we can build a simple mechanical model to illustrate how they would participate in this phenomenon.
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