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arXiv 0909.3334hep-ph
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来自Q球衰变的引力子暗物质

Gravitino dark matter from Q-ball decays

Ian M. Shoemaker, Alexander Kusenko

摘要:

阿弗莱克-戴恩重子生成伴随着Q球的形成和随后的衰变,既可以产生宇宙的重子不对称性,也可以产生引力子形式的暗物质。如果再加热温度低于10^7 GeV,那么来自Q球衰变的引力子将在热产生的粒子数中占主导地位。我们发现,质量约为1 GeV的引力子是符合所有的观测边界,并可以解释重子暗物质的比例在规范介导的模型的超对称性破缺的广泛的宇宙学和Q球参数。此外,如果Q球是由(B-L)= 0的凝聚体形成的,那么衰变的Q球可能是m_{3/2} < 1 GeV引力子的主要产生机制,这不会产生净重子不对称性。以这种方式产生的质量在50 eV - 100 keV范围内的引力伴子可以充当温暖的暗物质,并且可以在小尺度结构上具有可观察到的印记。

英文摘要:

Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, accompanied by the formation and subsequent decay of Q-balls, can generate both the baryon asymmetry of the universe and dark matter in the form of gravitinos. The gravitinos from Q-ball decay dominate over the thermally produced population if the reheat temperature is less than 10^7 GeV. We show that a gravitino with mass around 1 GeV is consistent with all observational bounds and can explain the baryon-to-dark-matter ratio in the gauge-mediated models of supersymmetry breaking for a wide range of cosmological and Q-ball parameters. Moreover, decaying Q-balls can be the dominant production mechanism for m_{3/2} < 1 GeV gravitinos if the Q-balls are formed from a (B-L) = 0 condensate, which produces no net baryon asymmetry. Gravitinos with masses in the range (50 eV - 100 keV) produced in this way can act as warm dark matter and can have observable imprint on the small-scale structure.

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