p+Ni系统非平衡过程随束流能量的变化
Variation of nonequilibrium processes in p+Ni system with beam energy
摘要：
测量了0.175GeV质子与Ni靶碰撞产生的p，d，t，3，4 He，6，7 Li，7，9 Be和10，11B的双微分截面dsigma/dOmega dE随能量和角度的变化.对测量的不同截面的分析允许提取上面列出的喷射物的总生产截面。的光谱和角分布的形状表明存在其他的非平衡过程，除了从核内级联的核子的发射，除了各种粒子的蒸发从残留的核内级联。这些非平衡过程包括在核内级联过程中核子聚结成轻带电粒子，产生火球发射，这对质子和氘的截面有贡献，以及靶核分裂，导致中等质量碎片的发射。所有这样的过程中发现较早在1.2，1.9，和2.5 GeV的Ni以及Au目标的束能量，然而，在本研究中观察到这些过程在高和低束能量的属性的显着差异。
英文摘要：
The energy and angular dependence of double differential cross sections dsigma/dOmega dE were measured for p, d, t, 3,4He, 6,7Li, 7,9Be, and 10,11B produced in collisions of 0.175 GeV protons with Ni target. The analysis of measured dfferential cross sections allowed to extract total production cross sections for ejectiles listed above. The shape of the spectra and angular distributions indicate the presence of other nonequilibrium processes besides the emission of nucleons from the intranuclear cascade, and besides the evaporation of various particles from remnants of intranuclear cascade. These nonequilibrium processes consist of coalescence of nucleons into light charged particles during the intranuclear cascade, of the fireball emission which contributes to the cross sections of protons and deuterons, and of the break-up of the target nucleus which leads to the emission of intermediate mass fragments. All such processes were found earlier at beam energies 1.2, 1.9, and 2.5 GeV for Ni as well as for Au targets, however, significant differences in properties of these processes at high and low beam energy are observed in the present study.
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