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arXiv 0909.1298cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.supr-con
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从动力学平均场论的晶格观点对酉费米气体的电子密度修正

Finite-density corrections to the Unitary Fermi gas: A lattice perspective from Dynamical Mean-Field Theory

A. Privitera, M. Capone, C. Castellani

摘要:

研究了在格点模型中密度降为零的稀幺正费米气体的普适状态。为此,我们研究了三种不同晶格中的吸引哈伯德模型的化学势、超流序参量和内能,这些晶格具有与三维自由空间中费米子相同的低能行为的态密度:一个立方晶格,一个半圆形DOS的贝特晶格,以及具有抛物线色散和确保DOS正常化的急剧能量截止的“格子气“。该模型使用动态平均场论求解,直接处理热力学极限和任意低密度,消除有限尺寸效应。在密度的顺序为一个费米子每个网站的晶格和它的具体形式占主导地位的结果。低密度极限的演变是平滑的,它不允许定义一个明确的低密度制度。这样的有限密度效应显着减少使用格子气,他们是最大的三维立方晶格。尽管由于自能和顶点函数的局部性质,动力学平均场论在密度为零的极限下必然会简化为更标准的静态平均场,但它与精确的蒙特卡罗模拟相比,可以达到后者所能达到的最低密度。

英文摘要:

We investigate the approach to the universal regime of the dilute unitary Fermi gas as the density is reduced to zero in a lattice model. To this end we study the chemical potential, superfluid order parameter and internal energy of the attractive Hubbard model in three different lattices with densities of states (DOS) which share the same low-energy behavior of fermions in three-dimensional free space: a cubic lattice, a "Bethe lattice" with a semicircular DOS, and a "lattice gas" with parabolic dispersion and a sharp energy cut-off that ensures the normalization of the DOS. The model is solved using Dynamical Mean-Field Theory, that treats directly the thermodynamic limit and arbitrarily low densities, eliminating finite-size effects. At densities of the order of one fermion per site the lattice and its specific form dominate the results. The evolution to the low-density limit is smooth and it does not allow to define an unambiguous low-density regime. Such finite-density effects are significantly reduced using the lattice gas, and they are maximal for the three-dimensional cubic lattice. Even though dynamical mean-field theory is bound to reduce to the more standard static mean field in the limit of zero density due to the local nature of the self-energy and of the vertex functions, it compares well with accurate Monte Carlo simulations down to the lowest densities accessible to the latter.

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