复量子Hamilton-Jacobi形式中的量子干涉
Quantum interference within the complex quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism
摘要：
在复量子Hamilton-Jacobi形式下研究了量子干涉。如所示，在以前的工作[物理。102，250401（2009）]，复杂的量子轨迹显示出停滞管周围的螺旋缠绕和涡旋管附近的双曲线偏转，这些结构是时空Argand图中量子洞穴的突出特征。在这里，我们进一步分析了量子动量函数沿极附近流线的发散和涡度，显示了复杂动力学的复杂性。然而，尽管有这种行为，我们表明，外观的著名的干涉功能（在实轴上）可以很容易地理解在旋转的节线在复平面。这提供了干涉的统一描述以及计算干涉特征的寿命的优雅而实用的方法，其根据平均缠绕时间来定义，即，将这些特征视为谐振过程。
英文摘要：
Quantum interference is investigated within the complex quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. As shown in a previous work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 250401 (2009)], complex quantum trajectories display helical wrapping around stagnation tubes and hyperbolic deflection near vortical tubes, these structures being prominent features of quantum caves in space-time Argand plots. Here, we further analyze the divergence and vorticity of the quantum momentum function along streamlines near poles, showing the intricacy of the complex dynamics. Nevertheless, despite this behavior, we show that the appearance of the well-known interference features (on the real axis) can be easily understood in terms of the rotation of the nodal line in the complex plane. This offers a unified description of interference as well as an elegant and practical method to compute the lifetime for interference features, defined in terms of the average wrapping time, i.e., considering such features as a resonant process.
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