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arXiv 0908.4418astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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伽马射线暴喷出物极早期外激波的洛伦兹因子约束

Lorentz Factor Constraint from the very early external shock of the gamma-ray burst ejecta

Yuan-Chuan Zou, Tsvi Piran

摘要:

虽然人们普遍认为伽马射线暴(GRB)中的发射区以超相对论的方式向观测者移动,但对初始洛伦兹因子$Γ_0$的不同估计会导致不同的估计,有时会相互矛盾。我们在这里表明,安静的时期,其中信号下降到仪器阈值以下,把强大的上限值的$Γ_0$。根据标准的内部-外部冲击模型,外部冲击应在瞬发阶段形成。这种外部冲击辐射在硬X射线到软伽马射线波段,这种发射应该被视为一个平滑的背景信号。观察到的深极小值表明,这种贡献可以忽略不计。这又限制了$Γ_0$。我们获得了几个突发的$Γ_0$的上限,典型值约为数百。我们将这些值与通过其他方法获得的值进行比较,这些方法通常会产生较低的限值。结果略微一致,仅留下$Γ_0$的允许值的窄范围。

英文摘要:

While it is generally agreed that the emitting regions in Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) move ultra relativistically towards the observer, different estimates of the initial Lorentz factors, $Γ_0$, lead to different, at times conflicting estimates. We show here that the quiet periods in which the signals goes down below the instrumental thresholds, put strong upper limits on the values of $Γ_0$. According to the standard internal-external shocks model an external shock should develop during the prompt stage. This external shock radiates in the hard X-rays to soft gamma-rays bands and this emission should be seen as a smooth background signal. The observed deep minima indicate that this contribution is negligible. This limits, in turn, $Γ_0$. We obtain upper limits on $Γ_0$ for several bursts with typical values around hundreds. We compare these values with those obtained by the other methods, which typically yield lower limits. The results are marginally consistent leaving only a narrow range of allowed values for $Γ_0$.

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