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arXiv 0908.3193astro-ph.HE
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相对论无碰撞激波PIC模拟的合成谱

Synthetic Spectra from PIC Simulations of Relativistic Collisionless Shocks

Lorenzo Sironi, Anatoly Spitkovsky

摘要:

我们提取合成光子光谱的第一性原理粒子模拟的相对论冲击波在非磁化对等离子体中传播。辐射的两个基本成分,即加速粒子和磁场,作为激波演化的一部分自洽地产生。我们使用Hededal & Nordlund(2005)的方法,通过对大量粒子的远场电场进行傅立叶变换来计算光子谱,这些粒子直接从模拟中采样。我们发现,相对论性无碰撞激波的光谱与韦伯不稳定性产生的磁场中的同步辐射完全一致。只有人为地降低电磁场的强度,使摇摆器参数K = qB λ/mc^2变得比1小得多(“B”和“λ”分别是磁湍流的强度和尺度),我们才能恢复所谓的“抖动”状态。这些发现可能会限制天体物理学中非热辐射的起源,特别是对伽马射线暴的硬(比同步加速器更硬)低频谱的解释。

英文摘要:

We extract synthetic photon spectra from first-principles particle-in-cell simulations of relativistic shocks propagating in unmagnetized pair plasmas. The two basic ingredients for the radiation, namely accelerated particles and magnetic fields, are produced self-consistently as part of the shock evolution. We use the method of Hededal & Nordlund (2005) and compute the photon spectrum via Fourier transform of the electric far-field from a large number of particles, sampled directly from the simulation. We find that the spectrum from relativistic collisionless shocks is entirely consistent with synchrotron radiation in the magnetic fields generated by Weibel instability. We can recover the so-called "jitter'' regime only if we artificially reduce the strength of the electromagnetic fields, such that the wiggler parameter K = qB lambda/mc^2 becomes much smaller than unity ("B" and "lambda" are the strength and scale of the magnetic turbulence, respectively). These findings may place constraints on the origin of non-thermal emission in astrophysics, especially for the interpretation of the hard (harder than synchrotron) low-frequency spectrum of Gamma-Ray Bursts.

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