JANUS X射线闪光监视器
The JANUS X-Ray Flash Monitor
摘要：
JANUS是美国宇航局的小型探索者级任务，刚刚完成A阶段，计划于2013年发射。JANUS的主要科学目标是利用高红移（6<z<12）伽马射线暴和类星体来探索早期宇宙中第一批恒星的形成历史，并研究对再电离的贡献。X射线闪光监视器（XRFM）和近红外望远镜（NIRT）是JANUS上的两个主要仪器。XRFM被设计用于探测宽视场（4球面度）上1-20 keV能量带的明亮X射线闪光（XRF）和伽马射线暴（GRB），从而便于探测z>6的XRF/GRB，这可以通过其他仪器进一步研究。XRFM将使用具有混合CMOS Si探测器的编码掩模孔径设计。它将对通量超过约240 mCrab的XRF/GRB敏感。该航天器被设计为在XRFM的GRB触发后快速旋转到源位置。本文介绍了XRFM仪器的设计参数和科学目标。
英文摘要：
JANUS is a NASA small explorer class mission which just completed phase A and was intended for a 2013 launch date. The primary science goals of JANUS are to use high redshift (6<z<12) gamma ray bursts and quasars to explore the formation history of the first stars in the early universe and to study contributions to reionization. The X-Ray Flash Monitor (XRFM) and the Near-IR Telescope (NIRT) are the two primary instruments on JANUS. XRFM has been designed to detect bright X-ray flashes (XRFs) and gamma ray bursts (GRBs) in the 1-20 keV energy band over a wide field of view (4 steradians), thus facilitating the detection of z>6 XRFs/GRBs, which can be further studied by other instruments. XRFM would use a coded mask aperture design with hybrid CMOS Si detectors. It would be sensitive to XRFs/GRBs with flux in excess of approximately 240 mCrab. The spacecraft is designed to rapidly slew to source positions following a GRB trigger from XRFM. XRFM instrument design parameters and science goals are presented in this paper.
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