金属纳米薄膜和纳米线的光学电导率：矩形盒模型
Optical conductivity of metal nanofilms and nanowires: The rectangular-box model
摘要：
对低维电子系统引入电导率张量。在盒中粒子模型和对角响应近似下，在假设$d\cong λ_{\rm F}$（其中$d$是系统的特征小尺寸，$λ_{\rm F}$是块体金属的费米波长）下，计算了准均匀金属薄膜和金属丝的电导率张量分量.我们发现的透射率的薄膜，并比较这些结果与现有的实验数据。给出了费米能级的尺寸依赖性的解析估计，并计算了超导薄膜和超导导线中费米能级的振荡。我们的研究结果表明，在红外范围内的电导率分量的实部和虚部的强尺寸和频率依赖性。一个尖锐的区别的结果为Au和Pb的观察和解释这些金属的弛豫时间的差异。
英文摘要：
The conductivity tensor is introduced for the low-dimensional electron systems. Within the particle-in-a-box model and the diagonal response approximation, components of the conductivity tensor for a quasi-homogeneous ultrathin metal film and wire are calculated under the assumption $d\cong λ_{\rm F}$ (where $d$ is the characteristic small dimension of the system, $λ_{\rm F}$ is the Fermi wavelength for bulk metal). We find the transmittance of ultrathin films and compare these results with available experimental data. The analytical estimations for the size dependence of the Fermi level are presented, and the oscillations of the Fermi energy in ultrathin films and wires are computed. Our results demonstrate the strong size and frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the conductivity components in the infrared range. A sharp distinction of the results for Au and Pb is observed and explained by the difference in the relaxation time of these metals.
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