国际贸易多网络：具体商品分析
Multinetwork of international trade: A commodity-specific analysis
摘要：
我们研究了1992-2003年期间世界各国之间特定商品贸易关系的多网络的拓扑性质，并将其与文献中称为国际贸易网络（ITN）的总贸易网络进行了比较。我们发现，商品特定的网络的链接权重分布是非常异构的和（准）的总链接权重分布的对数正态性生成的纯粹结果的聚合。特定于同一性的网络也显示出与其聚合对应物非常不同的平均连接性、聚类性和中心性水平。我们还发现，ITN的完全连通性主要是通过存在许多薄弱环节，保持商品特定的网络在一起，并在每个单一的网络拓扑统计之间存在的相关结构是相当强大的，模仿的聚合网络。最后，我们采用链接权重之间的跨商品相关性来构建商品的层次结构。我们的研究结果表明，在一个相对不变的“内在”分类法（基于固有的商品之间的相似性）的顶部，不同的商品在ITN中发挥的作用已经变得越来越不一样，可能是由于贸易专业化的增加。我们的方法是通用的，可以用来描述任何multinetwork出现作为一个非平凡的几个相互依赖的层的聚合。
英文摘要：
We study the topological properties of the multinetwork of commodity-specific trade relations among world countries over the 1992-2003 period, comparing them with those of the aggregate-trade network, known in the literature as the international-trade network (ITN). We show that link-weight distributions of commodity-specific networks are extremely heterogeneous and (quasi) log normality of aggregate link-weight distribution is generated as a sheer outcome of aggregation. Commodity-specific networks also display average connectivity, clustering, and centrality levels very different from their aggregate counterpart. We also find that ITN complete connectivity is mainly achieved through the presence of many weak links that keep commodity-specific networks together and that the correlation structure existing between topological statistics within each single network is fairly robust and mimics that of the aggregate network. Finally, we employ cross-commodity correlations between link weights to build hierarchies of commodities. Our results suggest that on the top of a relatively time-invariant ``intrinsic" taxonomy (based on inherent between-commodity similarities), the roles played by different commodities in the ITN have become more and more dissimilar, possibly as the result of an increased trade specialization. Our approach is general and can be used to characterize any multinetwork emerging as a nontrivial aggregation of several interdependent layers.
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