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arXiv 0908.1787quant-phmath-phmath.CTmath.MPmath.QA
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量子图像主义

Quantum Picturalism

Bob Coecke

摘要:

量子力学的形式主义不支持我们的直觉,也没有阐明控制受量子物理定律约束的实体行为的关键概念。复数数组与早期计算机编程实践中的0和1数组有着相似之处。在这篇评论中,我们提出了一个图解的“高层次”的替代希尔伯特空间形式主义,一个呼吁我们的直觉的步骤。它允许对相互作用的量子系统进行直观的推理,并使许多其他涉及和繁琐的计算变得微不足道。它清楚地暴露了诸如不可克隆定理之类的局限性,以及诸如量子隐形传态之类的现象。作为一种逻辑,它支持“自动化”。它允许更广泛的基础理论,并可以很容易地修改,有可能提供所需的垫脚石更深的概念理解的量子理论,以及它与其他物理理论的统一。这里讨论的具体应用是几个量子计算方案的纯图解证明,以及量子非局域性的结构起源的分析。这种高级图解形式主义的数学基础依赖于所谓的monoidal范畴,这是数学最近发展的产物。这些monoidal范畴不仅为物理理论提供了自然的基础,而且也为证明理论,逻辑,编程语言,生物学,烹饪等提供了自然的基础。挑战在于发现必要的额外结构片段,使我们能够预测真正的量子现象。

英文摘要:

The quantum mechanical formalism doesn't support our intuition, nor does it elucidate the key concepts that govern the behaviour of the entities that are subject to the laws of quantum physics. The arrays of complex numbers are kin to the arrays of 0s and 1s of the early days of computer programming practice. In this review we present steps towards a diagrammatic `high-level' alternative for the Hilbert space formalism, one which appeals to our intuition. It allows for intuitive reasoning about interacting quantum systems, and trivialises many otherwise involved and tedious computations. It clearly exposes limitations such as the no-cloning theorem, and phenomena such as quantum teleportation. As a logic, it supports `automation'. It allows for a wider variety of underlying theories, and can be easily modified, having the potential to provide the required step-stone towards a deeper conceptual understanding of quantum theory, as well as its unification with other physical theories. Specific applications discussed here are purely diagrammatic proofs of several quantum computational schemes, as well as an analysis of the structural origin of quantum non-locality. The underlying mathematical foundation of this high-level diagrammatic formalism relies on so-called monoidal categories, a product of a fairly recent development in mathematics. These monoidal categories do not only provide a natural foundation for physical theories, but also for proof theory, logic, programming languages, biology, cooking, ... The challenge is to discover the necessary additional pieces of structure that allow us to predict genuine quantum phenomena.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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