Active galactic nuclei present continuum and line emission. The former is produced by the accretion disk and the jets, whereas the latter is originated by gas located close to the super-massive black hole. The small region where the broad lines are emitted is called the broad-line region. The structure of this region is not well known, although it has been proposed that it may be formed by small and dense ionized clouds surrounding the supermassive black-hole. In this work, we study the interaction of one cloud from the broad line region with the jet of the active galactic nuclei. We explore the high-energy emission produced by this interaction close to the base of the jet. The resulting radiation may be detectable for nearby non-blazar sources as well as for powerful quasars, and its detection could give important information on the broad line region and the jet itself.
Relativistic jets are collimated plasma outflows with relativistic speeds. Astrophysical objects involving relativistic jets are a system comprising a compact object such as a black hole, surrounded by rotating accretion flows, with the relativistic jets produced near the central compact object. The most accepted models explaining the origin of relativistic jets involve magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes. Over the past few decades, many general relativistic MHD (GRMHD) codes have been developed and applied to model relativistic jet formation in various conditions. This short review provides a…
We address the very large diversity of the jet production efficiency in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) by using data on low redshift AGNs selected from the Swift/BAT catalog and having black hole (BH) masses larger than $10^{8.5}\,M_{\odot}$. Most of these AGNs accrete at intermediate rates and have bolometric luminosities dominated by mid-IR radiation. Our sample contains $14\%$ radio-loud (RL), $6\%$ radio-intermediate (RI), and $80\%$ radio-quiet (RQ) AGNs. All RL objects are found to have extended radio structures and most of them have classical FR II morphology. Converting their radio loud…
Jet Power, Bulk Lorentz Factor, Black Hole Spin, and Magnetic Field of Accretion Disk in Jetted Active Galactic Nuclei: A Large Gamma-Ray Emission Sample
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院云南天文台）；Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室）；Center for Astrophysics, Guangzhou University（广州大学天体物理中心）；Astronomy Science and Technology Research Laboratory of Department of Education of Guangdong Province（广东省教育厅天文学科学与技术研究实验室）；Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics and Department of Physics, Fudan University（复旦大学天文与天体物理中心及物理系）；Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文系）；School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文与空间科学学院）；Shanghai Astronomical Obs（上海天文台）
In the study of radiation mechanisms of AGNs' jets, hadronuclear (pp) interactions are commonly neglected, because the number density of cold protons in the jet is considered insufficient. Very recently, our previous work proves that pp interactions in the low TeV luminosity AGNs, which have potential to generate detectable very-high-energy (VHE) emission, could be important. Based on this, the one-zone pp model is employed to study low-state quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions of a sample of low TeV luminosity AGNs in this work. Our modeling results show that the gamma-ray genera…
Suzaku View of the Swift/BAT Active Galactic Nuclei. V. Torus Structure of Two Luminous Radio-loud AGNs (3C 206 and PKS 0707-35)
We present the results from broad-band X-ray spectral analysis of 3C 206 and PKS 0707-35 with Suzaku and Swift/BAT, two of the most luminous unobscured and obscured radio-loud active galactic nuclei with hard X-ray luminosities of 10^{45.5} erg s^{-1} and 10^{44.9} erg s^{-1} (14--195 keV), respectively. Based on the radio core luminosity, we estimate that the X-ray spectrum of 3C 206 contains a significant (~ 60% in the 14--195 keV band) contribution from the jet, while it is negligible in PKS 0707-35. We can successfully model the spectra with the jet component (for 3C 206), the transmitted …
There is a broad consensus that accretion onto supermassive black holes and consequent jet formation power the observed emission from active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, there has been less agreement about how jets form in accretion flows, their possible relationship to black hole spin, and how they interact with the surrounding medium. There have also been theoretical concerns about instabilities in standard accretion disk models and lingering discrepancies with observational constraints. Despite seemingly successful applications to X-ray binaries, the standard accretion disk model faces …
Compact steep-spectrum sources (CSSs) likely represent a population of young radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and have been identified as gamma-ray emitting sources. We present a comprehensive analysis of their gamma-ray emission observed with Fermi/LAT and establish their broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We derive their jet properties by the SED fits with a two-zone leptonic model for radiations from the compact core and large-scale extended region, and explore the possible signature of a unification picture of jet radiation among subclasses of AGNs. We show that the ob…
Dwarf galaxies are characterised by a very low luminosity and low mass. Because of significant accretion and ejection activity of massive black holes, some dwarf galaxies also host low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In a few dwarf AGNs, very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations have found faint non-thermal radio emission. SDSS J090613.77+561015.2 is a dwarf AGN owning an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) with a mass of $M_{BH} = 3.6^{+5.9}_{-2.3} \times 10^5 M_{sun}$ and showing a rarely-seen two-component radio structure in its radio nucleus. To further probe their na…
We use the results of relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of jet-ISM interactions in a galaxy with a radio-loud AGN to quantify the extent of ionization in the central few kpcs of the gaseous galactic disc. We perform post-process radiative transfer of AGN radiation through the simulated gaseous jet-perturbed disc to estimate the extent of photo-ionization by the AGN with an incident luminosity of $10^{45}~\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$. We also map the gas that is collisionally ionized due to shocks driven by the jet. The analysis was carried out for simulations with similar jet power ($10^{45}~\mat…
Chandra Discovery of 10 New X-Ray Jets Associated With FR II Radio Core-Selected AGNs in the MOJAVE Sample
Chandra X射线观测站是研究活动星系核（AGN）喷流高能辐射过程的重要工具，我们从射电通量限制的MOJAVE（Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments）高度相对论性喷流样本中选取了27个AGN样本，在千秒尺度上寻找X射线与射电辐射之间的相关性。该样本由所有MOJAVE类星体组成，这些类星体在1.4 GHz处具有超过100 mJy的扩展无线电发射和至少3”大小的无线电结构。钱德拉以前的观测已经揭示了样品中14个成员中的11个中的X射线射流，我们对其余13个源进行了新的观测。在后者中，10个有X射线喷射，使总体检测率达到约78%。我们的选择标准，这是基于高度紧凑，相对论束喷流发射和大的扩展无线电流量，从而提供了一个有效的方法来发现新的X射线喷流与活动星系核。探测到的X射线喷流形态一般与无线电发射有很好的相关性，除了那些在无线电波段显示出急剧弯曲的喷流。这些强大的FR II（Fanaroff-Riley II型）喷流的X射线发射机制可以解释为相对论喷流中的电子对宇宙微波背景（IC/CMB）光子的逆康普顿散射。我们推导出的喷气机的视角，假设一个非弯曲，非减速模型，通过使用超光速秒差距尺度的速度以及参数来自逆康普顿X射线模型。我们使用这些角度来计算最适合的多普勒和体积洛伦兹因子的射流，以及它们的可能范围，这导致在某些情况下的体积洛伦…
Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Formation of Molecular Clouds toward the Stellar Cluster Westerlund 2: Interaction of a Jet with Clumpy Interstellar Medium
Blazars are a subclass of radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), where the jet is aligned close to the line of sight. Blazars emission is dominated by non-thermal processes, where Doppler boosted radiation originates from a relativistic population of charged particles within the jet. From radio to TeV energies, blazars are highly variable on timescales from minutes to several months. There are several mechanisms proposed to explain variability, including changes in the viewing angle of the jet, propagating along the rotation axis of the accretion disc. The misalignment of a supermassive bla…
