毫秒钟的时间稳定性与引力波探测前景
Timing stability of millisecond pulsars and prospects for gravitational-wave detection
摘要：
一个近似阵的高精度定时观测分析。20毫秒的脉冲（所谓的“定时阵列”）可能最终导致随机引力波背景的检测。这种检测的可行性和这种类型的实验所需的持续时间是由可实现的RMS的定时残差和定时稳定性所涉及的振荡器。我们目前的结果，第一个长期的，高精度的计时运动的大样本毫秒天文台用于引力波探测项目。我们发现，在我们的样本中的大多数卫星的定时残差不包含显着的低频噪声，可能会限制使用这些卫星长达十年的引力波探测工作。对于我们最精确的定时卫星，固有的不稳定性的卫星或观测系统的时间不规则性的五年的时间尺度低于100纳秒的水平。基于这些结果，确定了计划和正在进行的定时阵列工作的实际灵敏度曲线。我们的结论是，在五年到十年内通过脉冲星定时阵列的努力探测引力波背景的前景是好的。
英文摘要：
Analysis of high-precision timing observations of an array of approx. 20 millisecond pulsars (a so-called "timing array") may ultimately result in the detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave background. The feasibility of such a detection and the required duration of this type of experiment are determined by the achievable rms of the timing residuals and the timing stability of the pulsars involved. We present results of the first long-term, high-precision timing campaign on a large sample of millisecond pulsars used in gravitational-wave detection projects. We show that the timing residuals of most pulsars in our sample do not contain significant low-frequency noise that could limit the use of these pulsars for decade-long gravitational-wave detection efforts. For our most precisely timed pulsars, intrinsic instabilities of the pulsars or the observing system are shown to contribute to timing irregularities on a five-year timescale below the 100 ns level. Based on those results, realistic sensitivity curves for planned and ongoing timing array efforts are determined. We conclude that prospects for detection of a gravitational-wave background through pulsar timing array efforts within five years to a decade are good.
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