人口动态中的波动和扩散率
Fluctuations and Dispersal Rates in Population Dyanmics
摘要：
在种群动力学中，物种为寻找更适宜的生境而进行的扩散是很重要的。扩散率的演变是对不同扩散策略的相对成功的反应。在简化的确定性处理中（J. Dockery，V. Hutson，K. Mischaikow等人，J. Math. Bio. 37，61（1998））的两个物种，只有在他们的传播速度不同，缓慢的物种总是占主导地位。我们证明，波动可以改变这一结论，并可能导致优势的快速物种或共存，这取决于参数。我们讨论了两种不同的影响波动，并表明，我们的研究结果是一致的，更复杂的处理，发现选定的扩散率是不单调的迁移成本。
英文摘要：
Dispersal of species to find a more favorable habitat is important in population dynamics. Dispersal rates evolve in response to the relative success of different dispersal strategies. In a simplified deterministic treatment (J. Dockery, V. Hutson, K. Mischaikow, et al., J. Math. Bio. 37, 61 (1998)) of two species which differ only in their dispersal rates the slow species always dominates. We demonstrate that fluctuations can change this conclusion and can lead to dominance by the fast species or to coexistence, depending on parameters. We discuss two different effects of fluctuations, and show that our results are consistent with more complex treatments that find that selected dispersal rates are not monotonic with the cost of migration.
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