约化宽度的通用衰减规则
Universal decay rule for reduced widths
摘要：
根据穿透性和缩减宽度之间众所周知的因子分解来分析发射过程，包括$α$ -衰变、重团簇衰变、质子和双质子发射。通过使用一个移动的谐振子加上库仑集团子相互作用，它是可能的，推导出约化宽度平方的对数和碎裂电位之间的线性关系，定义为库仑势垒和Q值之间的差异。对于基态之间的跃迁，以及对于大多数$α$ -衰变到低位$2^+$激发态，这种关系满足良好的精度。众所周知的Viola-Seaborg规则，将半衰期与库仑参数和碎片电荷数之间的乘积联系起来，以及Blendowke定标规则，将光谱因子与发射团簇的质量数联系起来，可以很容易地根据碎裂势来理解。它表明，最近证明的两个区域中的减少质子半衰期与库仑参数的依赖性直接与相应的区域的碎裂电位。
英文摘要：
Emission processes including $α$-decay, heavy cluster decays, proton and di-proton emission are analyzed in terms of the well known factorisation between the penetrability and reduced width. By using a shifted harmonic oscilator plus Coulomb cluster-daughter interaction it is possible to derive a linear relation between the logarithm of the reduced width squared and the fragmentation potential, defined as the difference between the Coulomb barrier and Q-value. This relation is fulfilled with a good accuracy for transitions between ground states, as well as for most $α$-decays to low lying $2^+$ excited states. The well known Viola-Seaborg rule, connecting half lives with the Coulomb parameter and the product between fragment charge numbers, as well as the Blendowke scalling rule connecting the spectroscopic factor with the mass number of the emitted cluster, can be easily understood in terms of the fragmentation potential. It is shown that the recently evidenced two regions in the dependence of reduced proton half-lives versus the Coulomb parameter are directly connected with the corresponding regions of the fragmentation potential.
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