arXiv 0907.19252009-07-10nlin.CGcond-mat.stat-mechcs.AInlin.AO

基于初等元胞自动机的自组织交通灯建模

Modeling self-organizing traffic lights with elementary cellular automata

Centrum Leo Apostel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel（布鲁塞尔自由大学利奥·阿波斯泰尔中心）

Carlos Gershenson, David A. Rosenblueth

备注：: 33 pages, 11 Figures, 3 Tables
发表信息：: Complex Systems: 19(4):305-322, 2011

摘要：

基于元胞自动机的公路交通流模型已经提出了很多种。最简单的是基本元胞自动机规则184。我们将此模型扩展到城市交通与元胞自动机耦合在十字路口只使用规则184，252和136。该模型的简单性提供了对城市交通及其相变的主要性质的清晰理解。我们使用所提出的模型来比较两种方法协调交通灯：绿波方法，试图根据预期的流量和自组织的方法，适应当前的交通状况，以优化相位。自组织方法提供了相当大的改进绿波方法。对于低密度，自组织方法促进了在四个方向上自由流动的排的形成和协调，即具有最大速度并且没有停止。对于中等密度，该方法允许不断使用的交叉口，利用其最大的通量容量。对于高密度，该方法可以防止交通堵塞，并促进形成和协调的“自由空间”，在相反的方向流动的交通。

英文摘要：

There have been several highway traffic models proposed based on cellular automata. The simplest one is elementary cellular automaton rule 184. We extend this model to city traffic with cellular automata coupled at intersections using only rules 184, 252, and 136. The simplicity of the model offers a clear understanding of the main properties of city traffic and its phase transitions. We use the proposed model to compare two methods for coordinating traffic lights: a green-wave method that tries to optimize phases according to expected flows and a self-organizing method that adapts to the current traffic conditions. The self-organizing method delivers considerable improvements over the green-wave method. For low densities, the self-organizing method promotes the formation and coordination of platoons that flow freely in four directions, i.e. with a maximum velocity and no stops. For medium densities, the method allows a constant usage of the intersections, exploiting their maximum flux capacity. For high densities, the method prevents gridlocks and promotes the formation and coordination of "free-spaces" that flow in the opposite direction of traffic.

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