g2p的低Q2测量和LT的自旋极化率
Low Q2 Measurement of g2p and the LT Spin Polarizability
摘要：
JLab一直处于在广泛的运动学范围内测量核子自旋相关结构函数的计划的最前沿，并且在所有三个实验大厅中都提取了前所未有的质量数据。这些量的矩已被证明是检验QCD求和规则的有力工具，并为格点QCD和手征微扰理论提供了基准检验。$g_{1,2}^n$和$g_1^p$的精确测量已经作为非常成功的"扩展GDH计划"的一部分进行，但关于$g_2^p$结构功能的数据仍然很少。我们在此讨论JLab实验E08 - 027，该实验将在低$Q^2$下测量共振区域中的量$g_2^p$。这些数据将用于检验Burkhartt-Cottingham求和规则，并提取高阶矩$δ_{LT}^p(Q^2)$和$\overline{d}_2^p(Q^2)$。数据在$Q^2$范围$0.02<Q^2<0.4$ GeV $^2$将提供明确的基准测试$χ$ PT计算的低端，而探测过渡区在高$Q^2$结束，部分子样的行为开始出现。这些数据也将对我们对质子超精细结构的理论理解产生重大影响，并减少以前从纯纵向测量中提取$g_1^p$结构的实验的系统不确定性。
英文摘要：
JLab has been at the forefront of a program to measure the nucleon spin-dependent structure functions over a wide kinematic range, and data of unprecedented quality has been extracted in all three experimental halls. Moments of these quantities have proven to be powerful tools to test QCD sum rules and provide benchmark tests of Lattice QCD and Chiral Perturbation Theory. Precision measurements of $g_{1,2}^n$ and $g_1^p$ have been performed as part of the highly successful `extended GDH program', but data on the $g_2^p$ structure function remain scarce. We discuss here JLab experiment E08-027, which will measure quantity $g_2^p$ in the resonance region at low $Q^2$. These data will be used to test the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule and to extract the higher moments $δ_{LT}^p(Q^2)$ and $\overline{d}_2^p(Q^2)$. Data in the $Q^2$ range $0.02<Q^2<0.4$ GeV$^2$ will provide unambiguous benchmark tests of $χ$PT calculations on the lower end, while probing the transition region at the high $Q^2$ end where parton-like behaviour begins to emerge. This data will also have a significant impact on our theoretical understanding of the hyperfine structure of the proton, and reduce the systematic uncertainty of previous experiments which extracted the $g_1^p$ structure from purely longitudinal measurements.
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