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arXiv 0906.3482cond-mat.stat-mech
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波动耗散温度对观测量选择的依赖性

Dependence of the fluctuation-dissipation temperature on the choice of observable

Kirsten Martens, Eric Bertin, Michel Droz

摘要:

在一般情况下,只有当非平衡温度与所考虑的可观测量无关时,才能从广义涨落-耗散关系中一致地定义非平衡温度。我们认为,观察的选择一般发生时,相空间概率分布是不均匀的恒定能量壳的依赖。我们定量地将这种可观察到的依赖关系与非平衡系统的一个基本特征联系起来,即相对于具有相同能量的平衡态的香农熵差。这种关系示出了平均场模型与两个热浴在不同的温度下接触。

英文摘要:

On general grounds, a nonequilibrium temperature can be consistently defined from generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations only if it is independent of the observable considered. We argue that the dependence on the choice of observable generically occurs when the phase-space probability distribution is non-uniform on constant energy shells. We relate quantitatively this observable dependence to a fundamental characteristics of nonequilibrium systems, namely the Shannon entropy difference with respect to the equilibrium state with the same energy. This relation is illustrated on a mean-field model in contact with two heat baths at different temperatures.

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