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arXiv 0906.2865cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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[001]应变非对称Si/SiGe和Ge/SiGe量子阱中的空穴自旋弛豫

Hole spin relaxation in [001] strained asymmetric Si/SiGe and Ge/SiGe quantum wells

P. Zhang, M. W. Wu

摘要:

在只考虑最低空穴子带的情况下,研究了[001]应变非对称Si/Si $_{0.7}$ Ge $_{0.3}$(Ge/Si $_{0.3}$ Ge $_{0.7}$)量子阱中空穴自旋弛豫.在六带Luttinger ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$模型的框架下,采用子带Löwdin微扰法,在包含足够的基函数的情况下,得到了最低空穴子带的有效哈密顿量. Si/SiGe量子阱中的最低空穴子带是轻空穴态,Rashba自旋轨道耦合项与动量的关系是线性的和立方的;而Ge/SiGe量子阱中的最低空穴子带是重空穴态,Rashba自旋轨道耦合项仅与动量的关系是立方的。空穴自旋弛豫研究的全微观动力学自旋布洛赫方程的方法,与所有相关的散射考虑。发现空穴-声子散射很弱,这使得空穴-空穴库仑散射变得非常重要。Si/SiGe量子阱中的空穴系统一般处于强散射极限,而Ge/SiGe量子阱中的空穴系统既可以处于强散射极限,也可以处于弱散射极限。库仑散射导致在Si/SiGe量子阱中自旋弛豫时间的温度和空穴密度依赖性的峰值,位于简并和非简并制度之间的交叉点附近。然而,库仑散射导致Ge/SiGe量子阱中自旋弛豫时间的温度依赖性不仅有一个峰,而且有一个谷。(The由于篇幅限制,其余部分省略)。

英文摘要:

Hole spin relaxation in [001] strained asymmetric Si/Si$_{0.7}$Ge$_{0.3}$ (Ge/Si$_{0.3}$Ge$_{0.7}$) quantum wells is investigated in the situation with only the lowest hole subband being relevant. The effective Hamiltonian of the lowest hole subband is obtained by the subband Löwdin perturbation method in the framework of the six-band Luttinger ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$ model, with sufficient basis functions included. The lowest hole subband in Si/SiGe quantum wells is light-hole like with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling term depending on momentum both linearly and cubically, while that in Ge/SiGe quantum wells is a heavy hole state with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling term depending on momentum only cubically. The hole spin relaxation is investigated by means of the fully microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equation approach, with all the relevant scatterings considered. It is found that the hole-phonon scattering is very weak, which makes the hole-hole Coulomb scattering become very important. The hole system in Si/SiGe quantum wells is generally in the strong scattering limit, while that in Ge/SiGe quantum wells can be in either the strong or the weak scattering limit. The Coulomb scattering leads to a peak in both the temperature and hole density dependences of spin relaxation time in Si/SiGe quantum wells, located around the crossover between the degenerate and nondegenerate regimes. Nevertheless, the Coulomb scattering leads to not only a peak but also a valley in the temperature dependence of spin relaxation time in Ge/SiGe quantum wells.... (The remaining is omitted due to the limit of space).

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