在只考虑最低空穴子带的情况下,研究了[001]应变非对称Si/Si $_{0.7}$ Ge $_{0.3}$(Ge/Si $_{0.3}$ Ge $_{0.7}$)量子阱中空穴自旋弛豫.在六带Luttinger ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$模型的框架下,采用子带Löwdin微扰法,在包含足够的基函数的情况下,得到了最低空穴子带的有效哈密顿量. Si/SiGe量子阱中的最低空穴子带是轻空穴态,Rashba自旋轨道耦合项与动量的关系是线性的和立方的;而Ge/SiGe量子阱中的最低空穴子带是重空穴态,Rashba自旋轨道耦合项仅与动量的关系是立方的。空穴自旋弛豫研究的全微观动力学自旋布洛赫方程的方法,与所有相关的散射考虑。发现空穴-声子散射很弱,这使得空穴-空穴库仑散射变得非常重要。Si/SiGe量子阱中的空穴系统一般处于强散射极限,而Ge/SiGe量子阱中的空穴系统既可以处于强散射极限,也可以处于弱散射极限。库仑散射导致在Si/SiGe量子阱中自旋弛豫时间的温度和空穴密度依赖性的峰值,位于简并和非简并制度之间的交叉点附近。然而,库仑散射导致Ge/SiGe量子阱中自旋弛豫时间的温度依赖性不仅有一个峰,而且有一个谷。(The由于篇幅限制,其余部分省略)。
英文摘要:
Hole spin relaxation in [001] strained asymmetric Si/Si$_{0.7}$Ge$_{0.3}$ (Ge/Si$_{0.3}$Ge$_{0.7}$) quantum wells is investigated in the situation with only the lowest hole subband being relevant. The effective Hamiltonian of the lowest hole subband is obtained by the subband Löwdin perturbation method in the framework of the six-band Luttinger ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$ model, with sufficient basis functions included. The lowest hole subband in Si/SiGe quantum wells is light-hole like with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling term depending on momentum both linearly and cubically, while that in Ge/SiGe quantum wells is a heavy hole state with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling term depending on momentum only cubically. The hole spin relaxation is investigated by means of the fully microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equation approach, with all the relevant scatterings considered. It is found that the hole-phonon scattering is very weak, which makes the hole-hole Coulomb scattering become very important. The hole system in Si/SiGe quantum wells is generally in the strong scattering limit, while that in Ge/SiGe quantum wells can be in either the strong or the weak scattering limit. The Coulomb scattering leads to a peak in both the temperature and hole density dependences of spin relaxation time in Si/SiGe quantum wells, located around the crossover between the degenerate and nondegenerate regimes. Nevertheless, the Coulomb scattering leads to not only a peak but also a valley in the temperature dependence of spin relaxation time in Ge/SiGe quantum wells.... (The remaining is omitted due to the limit of space).
High Curie Temperature Ferromagnetism and High Hole Mobility in Tensile Strained Mn-doped SiGe Thin Films
基于IV族材料的稀磁半导体(DMS)对于与当前硅技术兼容的自旋电子器件是期望的。本工作首先采用射频磁控溅射法在Ge衬底上制备了Mn掺杂的非晶SiGe薄膜,然后采用快速热退火(RTA)方法进行晶化。经过快速热处理后,样品变为铁磁半导体,居里温度随Mn掺杂浓度的增加而升高,Mn掺杂浓度为5%时,居里温度达到280 K。实验结果表明,SiGe晶体的铁磁性来自于空穴介导过程,并被SiGe晶体中的张应变所增强。同时,为了消除反常霍尔效应(AHE)的影响,在33 T下进行了霍尔效应测量,结果表明,退火样品的空穴迁移率大大提高,最大值为~1000 cm 2/Vs,这是由于拉伸应变引起的能带结构调制。Mn掺杂SiGe薄膜具有高居里温度、高铁磁性和高空穴迁移率,为半导体自旋电子学提供了一个很有前途的平台。
Direct observation of strain and confinement shaping the hole subbands of Ge quantum wells
Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);Paul Scherrer Institut(保罗谢尔研究所);University of Basel(巴塞尔大学);National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(洛桑联邦理工学院新材料计算设计与发现国家中心(MARVEL));University of Fribourg(弗里堡大学)
Cross-hatch strain effects on SiGe quantum dots for qubit variability estimation
Sandia National Laboratories(桑迪亚国家实验室);Baylor University(贝勒大学);University of Milano-Bicocca(米兰比可卡大学);Eurofins EAG Materials Science(Eurofins EAG材料科学);University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff(阿肯色州立大学平布拉夫分校);Lawrence Semiconductor Research Laboratory, Inc.(劳伦斯半导体研究实验室有限公司);Purdue University(普渡大学)
Light effective hole mass in undoped Ge/SiGe quantum wells
我们报道了非掺杂锗量子阱中密度相关的有效空穴质量测量。我们能够跨越大范围的密度($2.0-11\times10^{11}$ cm $^{-2}$),在顶栅场效应晶体管通过定位在不同的深度的应变埋Ge沟道从表面的12和44 nm。从Shubnikov-de Haas振荡振幅的热阻尼,我们测量了密度为$2.2\times10^{11}$ cm $^{-2}$的$0.061m_e$的轻质量。我们证实了理论上预测的质量随密度增加的相关性,并通过外推法找到了$\sim0.05m_e$在零密度时的有效质量,这是在量子点中展示自旋量子位的平面平台的最轻有效质量。
Shape relaxation of epitaxial mesa for finite-size strain-engineering
硅锗(Si $_{1-x}$ Ge $_x$)层通常用作MOSFET器件的栅极中的应力源。预期它们在漂移区和沟道区中引入有益的应力以增强电子迁移率。当减小栅极横向尺寸时,主要问题之一是应力松弛,其导致电子迁移率的显著降低。我们报告了一个新的形态演变的应变外延硅锗纳米层上的硅栅极(台面)驱动的应变不均匀性,由于有限尺寸效应。与应变膜的自诱导不稳定性不同,这种演变是由于自由边界的弹性不均匀性引起的。我们分析的热力学表面扩散框架内的弹性和毛细作用,前者被解决在两个维度感谢艾里形式主义的增长动力学。由此产生的动力学方程求解与分解的本征模式,并揭示了不同的发展,这取决于台面的几何参数。质量转移发生在松弛区域,并在纳米层自由表面处产生珠状,其具有作为时间和几何形状的函数的W或V形状。然后,结构的比例以及其规模控制了演变。